Chowongolera choyezera cha multihead weigher

Wolemba: Smartweigh-Multihead Weighter

1. Mapangidwe ndi luso lazowongolera zoyezera ma multihead weigher Multihead weigher ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa intaneti yoyezera, yomwe makamaka imakhala ndi lamba wonyamula katundu, chonyamulira, zida zowonera, chowongolera choyezera, kulemera kwa ukonde Kukhazikitsa zida ndi zigawo zina, zodziwikiratu. chizindikiritso, kutsimikizira muyeso wamphamvu ndi zina. Pa ntchito, popanda kulamulira pamanja, katundu lamba conveyor adzakhala basi kutumiza zopangira kuti kuyezedwa chonyamulira, malinga ndi zigawo ziwiri kuwala anayendera mbali zonse za nsanja masekeli kusiyanitsa udindo wa zopangira kuti ayesedwe, ndi kukhazikitsa pasadakhale malinga ndi zoikamo zipangizo. Ubwino wa net wolemera osiyanasiyana kuti muyesere. Pofuna kusunga bwino zopangira kuti ziyesedwe pa sikelo molingana ndi liwiro la conveyor, zimanenedwa kuti gulu lowongolera liyenera kukhala lachangu, lolondola komanso lodalirika.

Chowongolera choyezera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera choyezera chopondaponda pamagulu opondereza omwe ali m'munda wa mphira wovunda. Amapangidwa makamaka ndi makina owongolera omwe amapangidwa ndi ma microcomputer 51 a single-chip, preamplifier, chipangizo choyikira, nyali yowonetsera zotsatira, kauntala yamagetsi, kopi, chosinthira magetsi, ndi zina zotero. Ndondomeko yake yoyambira ikuwonetsedwa pazithunzi 1.

Preamplifier imakulitsa chiwongolero cha ma millivolt ndi sensa yogwira ntchito, ndikuisintha kukhala chizindikiro chosiyana, ndikuitumiza ku CS-51 single-chip automatic control system kuti ikonzere deta. Mtundu wolemera wa seti umafananizidwa, ndipo zotsatira zofananitsa zimachokera ku kutsegula ndi kutuluka kwa nyali yowonetsera kuti iwonetsere zambiri, kauntala yamagetsi kuti iwerengere, ndikuyamba wojambula kuti alembe chidziwitso cha deta yopanga. Chowongolera choyezera chili ndi njira ziwiri zogwirira ntchito: kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kusanja. Njira yoyezera ikasankhidwa, idzalowetsa deta yosasunthika ndikuwonetsa zambiri.

Panthawiyi, ikani chinthucho kuti chiyezedwe pa nsanja yoyezera, gulu lolamulira lidzawonetsa kulemera kwa chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuyezedwa, ndipo sikelo ikhoza kuyesedwa. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ikasankhidwa, wowongolera woyezera adzalowa muzochita zoyezera komanso zowunikira. Panthawiyi, wolamulira woyezera adzayang'ana zizindikiro za kuwala kwa zigawo zomwe ziyenera kuyezedwa mbali zonse za nsanja yoyezera, kuzindikira magawo opondapo, ndikuchita ntchito zoyezera komanso zowunikira.

M'dziko langa, zoyezera zoyezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyezera mitu yambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopangidwa kuchokera kunja, ndipo zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangidwa ndikupangidwa ku China zidapangidwa kuchokera ku zowonetsera zoyezera zolinga wamba. Gulu lowunikira la kulemera kwa ukonde limalowetsedwa ndi kiyibodi. Chilichonse chikagwira ntchito bwino, ogwira ntchito enieni sangathe kuwona mtengo wokonzedweratu, chithunzicho ndi chosauka, ndipo kusinthako kumakhala kovuta. Wowongolera woyezera wopangidwa ndi wopangidwa ndi ife amatsanzira zitsanzo za kutsidya kwa nyanja, ndipo masiwichi anayi a DIP amayikidwa pagulu lowongolera la bolodi lowongolera kuti akhazikitse mtundu wowonera kulemera kwa ukonde. Masinthidwe anayi a DIP atha kugawidwa m'magulu asanu olemera a ukonde malinga ndi ukadaulo wokonza (onani Chithunzi 2).

Manambala awiri oyambirira a chiwerengero cha manambala anayi amaimira chiwerengero chokwanira, ndipo awiri omalizira amaimira decimal. Pa nthawi yonse yoyezera ndi kuwunika kwamphamvu, mtengo wokonzedweratu ukhoza kusinthidwa nthawi iliyonse komanso kulikonse. Konzani nyali zowonetsera zofananira ndi zowerengera za kulemera kwa ukonde uliwonse pagawo lowongolera.

Ogwira ntchito enieni amatha kusintha nthawi yomweyo kukakamiza kogwirira ntchito kwa cholowera chopondapo molingana ndi kusanthula kwaukonde komwe kumawonetsedwa ndi cholakwika cham'mwamba ndi cholakwika cham'munsi chowongolera kulemera kwa ukonde. Mwanjira imeneyo, ndizowoneka bwino komanso zosavuta. Iliyonse mwa kaundula wa manambala asanu ndi limodzi ili ndi chidziwitso cha data monga kuyeza kwabwino, cholakwika cham'mwamba, cholakwika chochepa, kupatuka kumtunda, kupatuka pang'ono, kuchuluka kwa kupanga (kuphatikiza zabwino, zolakwika zam'mwamba, ndi zolakwika zochepa).

Ili ndi makina okopera kuti akope zambiri ndi zidziwitso monga kubadwa, zomwe ndizosavuta kuwongolera zokambirana. Kwa zinthu zosayenera zokhala ndi zopotoka zapamwamba komanso zotsika pang'ono, zida zowunikira zidzangotsegulidwa kuti zichotsedwe, ndipo alamu idzamveka kukumbutsa ogwira ntchito enieni kuti amvetsere. Wowongolera woyezera samangokhala ndi ntchito zoyezera zomveka bwino komanso zowonera, komanso ali ndi ntchito za zero-point automatic tracking, peeling, ndi zero-clearing, ndi zina.

Zofunikira zake zazikulu zogwirira ntchito ndi:. Chiwonetsero chowonetsera: chubu yowonetsera digito ya manambala anayi magawo asanu ndi awiri. Onetsani mawonekedwe azithunzi: oposa 300 miliyoni. Sensor imalimbikitsa kusintha magetsi: DC15V. Mmodzi 16 chosindikizira mawonekedwe. Kutentha kwa ntchito: 10-40 ℃ imodzi. Makina opangira magetsi osinthira magetsi: AC380VsoHz Chachiwiri, chitukuko cha mapulogalamu Pulogalamu yamapulogalamu amafoni am'manja a pulogalamu yonse yamapulogalamu amagawidwa m'mayendedwe akumbuyo ndikuyenda kwa pulogalamu yolandila. Zomwe zili mkati zomwe sizothandiza kwambiri, monga kukopera, njira zopangira deta, ndi kufufuza kulemera kwaukonde ndi kuzindikira, zimaperekedwa kuntchito yoyang'anira maziko; pomwe zomwe zili zothandiza kusonkhanitsa, kutsata nthawi, ndi zina zotero, zimaperekedwa kwa wolandira alendo. Kupanga mapulogalamu kumatengera kapangidwe kake kamangidwe kake, komwe kamagawidwa m'magawo angapo apulogalamu molingana ndi ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe zimathandiza pakusintha, kukulitsa ndikusintha.

Chojambula chosavuta cha pulogalamu yoyambira chikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 3. Kuti akwaniritse kulemera kwa deta yosasunthika ndi kuwunika kwamphamvu ndi kulemera kwake, kayendetsedwe ka pulogalamuyo makamaka imagwira ntchito zowunikira komanso zotsutsana ndi zosokoneza. Iliyonse ikufotokozedwa pansipa.

1. Kusanthula ntchito Kusanthula ntchito kwa pulogalamu ya foni yam'manja makamaka kupanga ma module osiyanasiyana apulogalamu, ndipo molingana ndi gawo la pulogalamuyi, gwirani ntchito zosiyanasiyana zofunika tsiku lililonse. Mukuyenda kwa pulogalamuyi, ntchito zazikuluzikulu zomwe pulogalamu ya foni yam'manja imatha kukhala:. Zero-point automatic tracking;. Peeling;.. Zero-point calibration;. Kusonkhanitsa deta; Kuchita nthawi;.Werengani fungulo ndi zoikamo;.Ntchito/onani kutembenuka;.Koperani;.Tsegulani mtengo wa chidziwitso chomwe chawonetsedwa pansi pa njira ya opaleshoni;. Pansi pa kasamalidwe ka pulogalamu yowunikira dongosolo, gawo la pulojekitiyi limachita kuyeza kwa data kapena kuwunika kwamphamvu ndikuyesa molingana ndi dongosolo lomwe lakhazikitsidwa.

2. Anti-interference design scheme Chifukwa chakuti multihead weigher imagwira ntchito mu chilengedwe cha mafakitale opanga mafakitale, pali zisonkhezero zosiyanasiyana pamalopo, zomwe zimaika pangozi ntchito yachibadwa ya sikelo. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pakusintha kwa zida zotsutsana ndi jamming, pulogalamu yamafoni yam'manja yolimbana ndi jamming anti-jamming monga chitetezo chachiwiri ndichofunikira kwambiri komanso chofunikira kwambiri. Pulogalamu yamakina omveka sayenera kungosanthula magwiridwe antchito, komanso kupanga anti-interference design scheme kuti pulogalamuyo ikhale yodalirika.

Pulogalamu yamakina imasankha njira ziwiri zotsatirazi zotsutsana ndi kusokoneza pulogalamu ya foni yam'manja: (1) Kusokoneza kwamagetsi kwa anti-interference electromagnetic signal ya analogi I / O njira yotetezera nthawi zambiri imakhala ngati burr, ndipo nthawi yake ndi yochepa. Malinga ndi chikhalidwe ichi, pamene kusonkhanitsa ukonde kulemera deta chizindikiro, akhoza mosalekeza kusonkhanitsidwa kwa kangapo, mpaka zotsatira za zosonkhanitsira awiri mosalekeza ali chimodzimodzi, chizindikiro deta ndi wololera. Ngati chizindikiro cha data sichikugwirizana pambuyo pa kusonkhanitsidwa kangapo, kusonkhanitsa kwa data komweko kudzatayidwa.

Malire afupipafupi amtundu uliwonse ndi mafupipafupi omwewo amatha kusinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira zenizeni. Kuchuluka kwakukulu komwe kumasonkhanitsidwa mumayendedwe a pulogalamuyi ndi nthawi za 4, ndipo nthawi za 2 zotsatizana ndizosonkhanitsidwa zoyenera. Pakuti linanena bungwe chitetezo njira, ngakhale MCU lakonzedwa kuti apeze zoyenera linanena bungwe deta zambiri, linanena bungwe chipangizo akhoza kupeza mfundo zolakwika deta chifukwa zikoka zakunja.

Pa pulogalamu ya foni yam'manja, njira yodziwikiratu yotsutsana ndi kusokoneza ndikutulutsa chidziwitso cha data mobwerezabwereza. Nthawi yobwerezabwereza ndi yaifupi momwe mungathere, kotero kuti mutalandira lipoti lolakwika lomwe lakhudzidwa, chipangizo cholumikizira sichingathe kuyankha moyenera munthawi yake, ndipo chidziwitso choyenera chabweranso. Mwanjira imeneyo, kaimidwe kolakwika kumapewa nthawi yomweyo.

Mukuyenda kwa pulogalamu iyi, zotulutsa zimayikidwa pakusokoneza nthawi, zomwe zitha kupewetsa kulakwitsa kotulutsa. (2) Digital kusefa umalimbana anasonkhanitsidwa ukonde kulemera deta chizindikiro, amene nthawi zambiri umasinthasintha chikoka, choncho m'pofunika kupeza deta zambiri pafupi ndi mtengo weniweni wa mfundo kuchokera deta zambiri mankhwala mndandanda, ndi kupeza chifukwa ndi kutsimikizika kwakukulu. Mu mapulogalamu a foni yam'manja, njira wamba ndi kusefa digito.

Kuyenda kwa pulojekitiyi kumagawika m'mayeso osasunthika komanso kuwunika kwamphamvu. Chifukwa cha njira zosiyanasiyana zoyezera, njira zosankhidwa za digito zosefera ndizosiyana. Njira zosefera za digito zotsatiridwa ndi njira ziwiri zoyezera zikuwonetsedwa pansipa.

¹Kulemera kwa data yosasunthika: Kulingalira kwakukulu kwa kuyeza kwa data ndi kudalirika ndi kulondola kwa pulogalamu yamapulogalamu. M'pofunika kuganizira kukhazikika kwachibale kwa chidziwitso chowonetsedwa pansi pazikhalidwe zokhazikika komanso kuyankha mofulumira panthawi yotsegula. Choncho, chizindikiritso chodalirika cha chidziwitso cha deta chomwe chasonkhanitsidwa chiyenera kuchitidwa choyamba, ndiyeno njira yothetsera digito iyenera kuchitidwa.

M'kati mwa njira zosefera za digito, njira yosefera yosuntha imasankhidwa kuti ipititse patsogolo zosefera zenizeni. Njira yeniyeni ndi iyi: nthawi iliyonse chitsanzo chitengedwa, chimodzi mwazinthu zakale kwambiri zimachotsedwa, ndiyeno mtengo wa sampuli wa nthawi ino ndi sampuli za nthawi zambiri zam'mbuyomu zimawerengedwa pamodzi, ndipo mtengo wokwanira wa sampuli womwe umapezeka ndi munthu akhoza kuperekedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito. Chifukwa chake, izi zimathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yamapulogalamu.

Kusankhidwa kwa sampuli pafupipafupi N kuli ndi vuto lalikulu pakusefera kwenikweni. N yokulirapo, ndiye kuti zotsatira zake ndizabwino, koma zitha kuyika pachiwopsezo kuyankha kwadongosolo kwadongosolo. Mu wowongolera woyezera uyu, kuti apititse patsogolo kudalirika kwa pulogalamu yamapulogalamu ndikutha kuyankha mwachangu, N ndi 32 ikakhazikika, ndi 8 ikakhala yosakhazikika.

Chifukwa chosankha njira yoyenera yosefera, kudalirika ndi kulondola kwa pulogalamu yamakina ndi nthawi yake yoyankhira zakonzedwanso.ºKuwunika kwamphamvu ndi kulemera kwake: Pakuwunika kwamphamvu ndi kuyeza, kupondapo kumachitika mwachangu papulatifomu yoyezera. Kupondako kuli pamlingo mkati mwa masekondi a 1.5, kotero kuyesa kuyenera kuchitika mkati mwa 1 sekondi.

Mwanjira imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo kumakhala kochepa. Kuonjezera apo, chifukwa chopondapo chidzayambitsa kugwedezeka kwina pamene kusinthidwa mofulumira ku nsanja yoyezera, zidzakhudza mtengo wa sampuli. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muganizire za chidziwitso cha data chomwe chili cholondola komanso ukadaulo waukadaulo wosefera wa digito womwe wasankhidwa kuti athetse kuvulaza kolemetsa kwa kusokoneza kwamagetsi.

Malingana ndi kuwonetsetsa kwachindunji, mawonekedwe a multihead weigher's weighter's sign waveform akuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 5. M'chithunzichi, kuyambira pakufika kwa kupondaponda mpaka pa nsanja yolemera mpaka kuchoka kwake kugawidwa m'malumikizidwe atatu: siteji yoyamba ndi nthawi t, gawo, lomwe ndi njira yonse kuyambira pakufika popondapo mpaka pa nsanja yoyezera mpaka itakhazikika pa nsanja yoyezera. Chizindikiro cha data cholemetsa chili pano. Gawo lachiŵiri ndilo siteji yachisanu ndi chinayi, kuponda kuli kotheratu pa pulatifomu yoyezera, ndipo nyengo iyi ndiyo siteji yoyezera; siteji yachitatu ndi nthawi t. Gawoli ndi njira yonse yomwe kupondapo kumachoka papulatifomu yoyezera, ndipo chizindikiro cha data cholemera cha ukonde chimachepa pang'onopang'ono mpaka zero panthawiyi.

Kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa zigawo zisanu ndi zinayi zoyezera, chizindikiro cha data cholemera chimakhala ndi zotsatira zolemera kwambiri. M'chigawo chamapiri, ndiko kuti, pamene kuponda kuli pakati pa nsanja yoyezera, chizindikiro cha data cholemera chimakhala chokhazikika. Choncho, ndi bwino kusankha zambiri za Δt nthawi.

Gwiritsani ntchito sikelo yoyikidwa kuti muyende mpaka kumapeto kwa chosinthira chazithunzi kuti muyambitse chowongolera kuti mulandire zambiri zazidziwitso zachitsanzo, ndi zitsanzo mkati mwa nthawi yamapiri. Kuchuluka kwa sampuli N kumakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo. Kuthamanga kwa sampuli ndikokwera kwambiri, komwe kumasonkhanitsidwa pafupipafupi N ndi. Kuyika kwa chosinthira cha photoelectric kuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zowona ndi chidziwitso cha data pomwe chinthu choyenera kuyezedwa chili mumzinda wa Weitaishan.

Pazidziwitso za data za N zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa, zonse zimakhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, kotero ndikofunikira kusankha njira yoyenera yosefera kuti mupeze phindu lenileni la kulemera kwa ukonde. Njirayi imasankha luso lazosefera lamagulu, ndiko kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri kapena zingapo zosefera digito zimaphatikizidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe sizokwanira kuti zigwirizane wina ndi mnzake, kuti zipititse patsogolo zotsatira zenizeni za kusefa, kuti mukwaniritse zenizeni. zotsatira zomwe sizingatheke ndi njira imodzi yokha yosefera. Apa, njira yosefera yomwe imaphatikiza njira yosinthira mtengo kwambiri komanso njira yosefera ya masamu imasankhidwa.

Kusefa kwa De-maxima kumachotsa kaye chikoka chamtundu umodzi, ndipo sikulembetsa kuti kuwerengetsera mtengo wake, kuti mtengo wa kusefa kwa tanthauzo ukhale pafupi ndi mtengo weniweni. Mfundo yayikulu ya kukhathamiritsa kwa algorithm ili motere: pitilizani kuyesa nthawi za N, sonkhanitsani ndikupempha chifundo, ndikupeza zikhalidwe zapamwamba kwambiri komanso zocheperako, kenako chotsani zikhalidwe zapamwamba kwambiri komanso zocheperako pakudziunjikira ndi kuyimirira. , ndikuwerengera molingana ndi N imodzi kapena ziwiri zachitsanzo. kutanthauza, ndiye kuti, kupeza mtengo wokwanira wa zitsanzo. Tchati choyenda cha njira yosefera pawiri chikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi cha waveform cha chizindikiro choyezera data mu Chithunzi 5. Kuyambira pakufika kwa kuponda mpaka papulatifomu yoyezera mpaka kunyamuka kwake, imagawidwa m'malumikizidwe atatu: gawo loyamba ndi nthawi t, gawo, yomwe ndi nthawi yomwe kuponda kumafika pamlingo. The ndondomeko lonse pa nsanja mpaka kwathunthu pa sikelo nsanja, ukonde kulemera deta chizindikiro pang'onopang'ono limatuluka nthawi imeneyi; siteji yachiwiri ndi nthawi yachisanu ndi chinayi, kuponda kwathunthu pa nsanja, nthawi iyi ndi gawo lolemera; siteji yachitatu Ndiyo nthawi t.

Gawoli ndi njira yonse yomwe kupondapo kumachoka papulatifomu yoyezera, ndipo chizindikiro cha data cholemera cha ukonde chimachepa pang'onopang'ono mpaka zero panthawiyi. Kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa zigawo zisanu ndi zinayi zoyezera, chizindikiro cha data cholemera chimakhala ndi zotsatira zolemera kwambiri. M'chigawo chamapiri, ndiko kuti, pamene kuponda kuli pakati pa nsanja yoyezera, chizindikiro cha data cholemera chimakhala chokhazikika.

Choncho, ndibwino kusankha zambiri za nthawi ya Δt. Gwiritsani ntchito sikelo yoyikidwa kuti muyende mpaka kumapeto kwa chosinthira chazithunzi kuti muyambitse chowongolera kuti mulandire zambiri zazidziwitso zachitsanzo, ndi zitsanzo mkati mwa nthawi yamapiri. Kuchuluka kwa sampuli N kumakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo. Kuthamanga kwa sampuli ndikokwera kwambiri, komwe kumasonkhanitsidwa pafupipafupi N ndi.

Kuyika kwa chosinthira chazithunzi kuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti tanthauzo la masamu azinthu zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa mu fomula ndi N ndiye tanthauzo la masamu amiyeso ya 2; w ndi i-th sampling value; N ndiye sampuli pafupipafupi. Pofuna kuwerengera, mafupipafupi a sampuli amasankhidwa ngati 6, 10, 18 monga 2 ku mphamvu ya chiwerengero cha 2 kuphatikizapo 2, chomwe chiri chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kusintha m'malo mogawanitsa. Mukuyenda kwa pulojekitiyi, yankho limasankhidwa poyesa sampuli, kotero palibe chifukwa chopangira malo osungiramo deta mu wolamulira AM.

Pambuyo kusefa kwa digito, mtengo wa W umapezeka, ndiyeno njira zosinthira deta monga kusenda ndi kutembenuka kolakwika kwapakati zimachitidwa kuti apeze kulemera kwa ukonde wa chidziwitso chowonetsera, chizindikiritso ndi kukopera. Kusintha kwachiwiri kwa photoelectric kukazindikira kuti kupondako kwachoka papulatifomu yoyezera, yambitsani cholumikizira cha zero-point, sankhani chitsanzo chachikulu ndikukokera ukadaulo wazithunzithunzi wapakati, ndikuchotsani namsongole, kuti mukonzekere kubwera kwa kuponda kotsatira. Vomerezani kukonzekera pasadakhale. 3. Mapeto Wolamulira woyezera ali ndi ntchito zabwino komanso zotsutsana ndi zosokoneza. Sikoyenera kungoyang'ana poyang'ana m'munda wa rabara wowotchera, komanso koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zoyezera zosiyanasiyana monga mazira, ndalama, ziweto, ndi mizere yopanga mafakitale.

Pakadali pano, choyezera chamitundu yambiri chomwe chinayambitsidwa ndi opanga ena mdziko lathu chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zopitilira khumi. Zowongolera zina zoyezera sizingagwirenso ntchito moyenera, ndipo zikufunika kusinthidwa mwachangu. Kuphatikiza apo, palinso opanga ena omwe amagwiritsabe ntchito pedal-type multihead weigher, zomwe sizingaganizidwe kuti ndizofunikira pakupanga ndi kupanga. Chifukwa chake, chowongolera choyezera chili ndi phindu lothandizira kwambiri pakutsatsa masiku ano.

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