Ikhofi laseYunnan lidinga ukuthuthukisa ukucubungula okujulile nokushintsha indlela elipakishwa ngayo ukuze libambe imakethe yamazwe ngamazwe

Emadolobheni amakhulu, inkomishi yekhofi ebiza amashumi amadola ivamile. Kodwa-ke, eSifundazweni saseYunnan, isifunda esiyinhloko esikhiqiza ikhofi ezweni lami, intengo yokuthenga ubhontshisi wekhofi ingama-yuan ayi-15 ngekhilogramu. Ngokwezibalo ezikhishwe yi-Yunnan Coffee Association, ngesikhathi sokuvuna kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2016, intengo emaphakathi yekhilogramu eyodwa yobhontshisi wekhofi ethengwe amabhizinisi kubalimi bekhofi yayiphakathi kwama-yuan ayi-13 nama-yuan ayi-14, kanti intengo yokuhweba emakethe yahlala cishe kuma-yuan ayi-16. Ukukhiqizwa kwekhofi eYunnan kubiza ama-99% wenani lonke lezwe, kodwa abalimi bekhofi abakwazi ukuthola inkomishi yekhofi ngekhilogramu eyodwa yobhontshisi wekhofi. Ikhofi yaseYunnan ingumkhiqizo wezolimo wesibili ngobukhulu othola imali yangaphandle esifundazweni, kodwa azikho izisekelo eziningi zokutshala ezikhiqiza kakhulu nezisezingeni eliphezulu, futhi inani elikhulu lengqalasizinda libuthakathaka. Ngenxa yalo mkhawulo, isesimweni esiphansi sokukhiqiza nokusebenza kahle. Inqubo yokucubungula nokumaketha imfushane kakhulu. Isimo sezwe lekhofi laseShayina sincike ku-Yunnan. Udokotela we-China Coffee Engineering Research Center uChen Zhenjia uthe kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2016, indawo yokutshala ikhofi yaseShayina idlule ama-mu ayizigidi ezingu-1.8 kanye nomkhiqizo ophelele wamathani angu-140,000, okwenza u-1.5% womkhiqizo ophelele womhlaba. Kunamazwe angaphezu kuka-70 emhlabeni akhiqiza ikhofi, kanti amazwe nezifunda ezingu-21 zinomkhiqizo ongaphezu kwamathani angu-100,000. IShayina ingenye yazo. EShayina, ukutshalwa kwekhofi kugxile eYunnan, eHainan, eGuangdong, eGuangxi nakwezinye izindawo. Ngawo-1960, ukutshalwa kwekhofi ezweni lami kwakubuswa yiHainan. Ngaleso sikhathi, indawo yokutshala ikhofi yaseHainan ifinyelele ama-mu angaphezu kuka-200,000. Namuhla, eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-50 kamuva, ukutshalwa kwekhofi yaseShayina kubuswa yiYunnan, kanti indawo yokutshala yaseHainan yehle yaba ngaphansi kwama-mu ayi-10,000. 'IYunnan inendawo ezungezile kanye nezimo zezulu ezifanele ukukhula kwekhofi. Kunezindawo ezine ezinkulu zokukhiqiza eDehong, eBaoshan, ePu'er naseLincang. Indawo yokutshala ikhofi iyonke ifinyelela ku-1.77 million mu, kanti umkhiqizo uwonke ungamathani angu-139,000, okwenza ngaphezu kuka-99% wezwe.' kusho uChen Zhenjia. Njengamanje, cishe u-60% wokukhiqizwa kwekhofi eYunnan uvela ePu'er. Ekupheleni kuka-2015, indawo yokutshala ikhofi ePu'er City isifinyelele ku-755,700 mu, kanye nomkhiqizo wamathani angu-57,900. Ikhofi ithunyelwa emazweni nasezifundeni ezingaphezu kuka-30 eMelika, eYurophu nase-Asia. Njengesibonelo sentuthuko yemboni yekhofi yaseShayina, izinga lokuthuthukiswa kwe-"Yun Coffee" linquma isimo sekhofi yaseShayina emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi eside, iYunnan ibilokhu ithengisa kakhulu ubhontshisi wekhofi wodwa, ngokulingana okwanele nokucubungula okungezansi, futhi inzuzo encane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhofi Indawo yokutshala ithuthuke ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ikhwalithi kunzima ukuyilawula, okuye kwaba ukukhathazeka kancane kancane kwentuthuko. Ukulima, "ukuthembela esibhakabhakeni", ukuntuleka kokucubungula nokupakisha Izici ezingathandeki kuzo zonke izintambo zemboni yekhofi zigcine ikhofi yaseYunnan isesimweni esiphansi isikhathi eside. Inkinga ebhekene ne-'Yunka' iqala engadini yekhofi. 'Njengamanje, ubhontshisi wekhofi eYunnan usezingeni elihle kuphela uma usesihlahleni. 'Abalimi bavuna amasimu ekhofi ngokungakhethi eceleni kwehlathi lekhofi. Amajikijolo ekhofi anezimfanelo ezahlukene axutshwa abe yinqwaba, futhi akukho ndawo yokucubungula eyinhloko. Bathembele kuphela ekomeni kwemvelo nasekuvuthweni lapho lina. Ngokuyisisekelo bathembele esibhakabhakeni ukuze badle, ukulahleka kwekhwalithi kubi kakhulu.' 'Izindlela eziningi zokutshala zibonisa ukuntuleka nokudideka kwezindinganiso zemboni. Isethi yezindinganiso zabalimi zokutshala, isethi yezindinganiso zokutshala kwebhizinisi, kanye nesethi yezindinganiso zokucubungula nokukhiqiza... Emehlweni ochwepheshe abaningi, lesi simo esiyinkimbinkimbi siholele ekungazinzini okuvamile kwekhwalithi yekhofi eYunnan. Lesi yisizathu esiyisisekelo sokuthi kungani amanani ekhofi eYunnan ebelokhu ephansi kancane kunamanani aphesheya. ' Okokuqala, ikhwalithi yokuvuna izithelo ezintsha ayilungile, futhi kunezithelo eziningi ezingavuthiwe; okwesibili ukuntuleka kobuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa izithelo eziluhlaza kanye nemishini, kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo ezintsha ayilingani; okwesithathu ukuntuleka kobuchwepheshe bokukhipha i-gumming ngomshini kanye nemishini, okuholela ekhwalithini engalingani; okwesine ukuntuleka kobuchwepheshe bokomisa ngomshini kanye nemishini. UHu Lu, iphini likanobhala jikelele we-Yunnan Coffee Industry Association, utshele intatheli evela kwi-Workers' Daily. Ukushiyeka kokucubungula okujulile nokujulile kwenza ikhofi yaseYunnan ithumele kakhulu kwamanye amazwe izinto zokusetshenziswa. Intatheli ithole ukuthi ngisho nezinye izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe zichaze ukuthi zidinga kuphela izinto zokusetshenziswa ezivela eYunnan, futhi noma izinkampani zasendaweni zinamakhono athile okucubungula aqinile, ngeke zithole ukwethenjwa okukhulu komunye umuntu. Intengo ephansi yokuthenga izinto zokusetshenziswa nayo ithinte umdlandla wabalimi. Uma intengo yokuthenga iphansi kakhulu, abalimi bekhofi bazokhetha ukushiya amapayipi noma banqume izihlahla zekhofi batshale ezinye izitshalo. Ukuze kulungiswe ukushiyeka kudinga ukucutshungulwa okwengeziwe. Abangaphakathi embonini batshele izintatheli ukuthi uma ufuna ukuncintisana ngezwi lamazwe ngamazwe emakethe yekhofi, kufanele uthathe indlela yokucubungula okujulile ukuze uthinte intengo yokuthenga yekusasa lekhofi lamazwe ngamazwe. Abasebenza embonini yekhofi yasendaweni eYunnan bebelokhu befuna impumelelo kule ndawo. Inkampani eyodwa noma ezimbili ezihamba phambili kudingeka zisukume zihole ekucutshungulweni okujulile, zishintshe izindlela zokupakisha, futhi zifinyelele ukuhlukahluka kwamafomu okupakisha. I-Jiawei ingakhiqiza imishini yokupakisha ikhofi yebha. Ukupakisha, ukupakisha ikhofi yendlebe elenga ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesikhwama, umshini wokupakisha ikhekhe lekhofi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesikhwama, njll. ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwemakethe yamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nokubamba imakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.