Umshini wokupakisha oketshezi: umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokupakisha yezwe lami

Umshini wokupakisha oketshezi: umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokupakisha yezwe lami

Imboni yokupakisha yaqala sekwephuzile ezweni lakithi, kodwa ithuthuke ngokushesha okukhulu. Inani eliphelele lomkhiqizo wemboni yokupakisha kazwelonke likhule lisuka ngaphansi kwama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10 ngo-1991 laya kuma-yuan angaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-200 manje. Ihlinzeka ngokupakisha ama-yuan ayizigidigidi eziningana zemikhiqizo yezimboni neyezolimo kanye nokudla minyaka yonke, okudlale indima ebalulekile emnothweni wezwe. Ngokwezibalo, ingxenye yemishini yokupakisha ukudla yezwe lami ekhonza ngqo imboni yokudla iphezulu ngamaphesenti angama-80.

Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwentuthuko esheshayo yemboni yokupakisha yezwe lami, kusenezinkinga eziningi embonini. Inani lokuthumela ngaphandle imishini yokupakisha ezweni lami lingaphansi kuka-5% wenani eliphelele lokukhipha, kodwa inani lokungenisa licishe lilingane nenani eliphelele lokukhipha. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo yangaphandle, imishini yokupakisha yasekhaya isenegebe elikhulu lobuchwepheshe, kude nokuhlangabezana nesidingo sasekhaya. Isibonelo, imishini yokwelula yefilimu yepulasitiki ye-biaxial, umugqa wokukhiqiza ocishe ube yizigidi eziyi-100 zama-yuan, yethulwe kusukela ngawo-1970, futhi kuze kube manje, imigqa yokukhiqiza engu-110 enjalo ingeniswe eShayina.

Ngokombono wesakhiwo somkhiqizo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1,300 zemishini yokupakisha ezweni lakithi, kodwa ayinayo imikhiqizo yokusekela yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, enembile, esezingeni eliphezulu, ukusebenza komkhiqizo okuphansi, ukuzinza nokuthembeka Ukusebenza okubi; ngokombono wesimo sebhizinisi, imboni yemishini yokupakisha yasekhaya ayinazo izinkampani eziholayo, futhi aziziningi izinkampani ezinezinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe, izinga elikhulu lokukhiqiza, kanye namazinga omkhiqizo afinyelela amazinga omhlaba wonke; ngokombono wocwaningo lwesayensi ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, empeleni ibambeke esigabeni sokuhlola ukulingisa nokuzithuthukisa. Amandla awanamandla, ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni lwesayensi kuncane, futhi izimali zibiza kuphela i-1% yokuthengisa, kuyilapho amazwe athuthukile ephezulu njenge-8%-10%. Umshini wokupakisha oketshezi

Ochwepheshe abahlobene bahlaziye ukuthi, njengamanje, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza okuphezulu, ukonga amandla komkhiqizo, ukusebenza kahle kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, kanye nemiphumela yocwaningo lwesayensi sekuyindlela yokuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokupakisha emhlabeni. Kubakhiqizi bemishini yokupakisha ezweni lami, ukusebenza okubanzi kokukhulisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokwandisa izinga lokukhiqiza akusakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwalesi simo. Ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yokupakisha ezweni lami kungene enkathini entsha yokulungisa isakhiwo somkhiqizo kanye nokuthuthukisa amakhono okuthuthukisa. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ukushintshwa komkhiqizo, kanye nokuqinisa ukuphathwa kuseyizindaba ezibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni.

Emehlweni abantu abangaphakathi embonini, amandla akhulayo ocwaningo lobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo aseseduze. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bemishini yokupakisha namuhla ubuchwepheshe be-mechatronics, ubuchwepheshe bepayipi yokushisa, ubuchwepheshe be-modular njalo njalo. Ubuchwepheshe be-Mechatronics kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-microcomputer kungathuthukisa izinga lokuzenzakalela kokupakisha, ukuthembeka kanye nobuhlakani; ubuchwepheshe bepayipi yokushisa bungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuvala imishini yokupakisha; ubuchwepheshe bokuklama kwe-modular kanye nobuchwepheshe be-CAD/CAM kungathuthukisa ukukhethwa kwezinto kanye nokucutshungulwa kwemishini yokupakisha Izinga lemishini kanye nobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, imboni yokupakisha yezwe lami kufanele iqinise ucwaningo, intuthuko kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo.

Imboni yemishini yokupakisha yaseShayina inendawo yokufunda ebanzi

Imboni yemishini yokupakisha yaseShayina inendawo yokufunda ebanzi. Okwamanje lapho imboni ibhekene nomjikelezo omusha wokulungiswa kwesakhiwo, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni somkhiqizo, amabhizinisi asekhaya adinga ukuthuthukisa amabhizinisi anesimo sengqondo esisebenzayo ngokusebenzisa ukusungula izinto ezintsha okuzimele kanye nokugaya okujulile. Futhi athuthukise ukuncintisana, athuthukise isakhiwo semboni, enze ngcono indawo yokuncintisana emakethe, futhi afinyelele intuthuko ehlukahlukene.

Ochwepheshe abafanele bakholelwa ukuthi indlela yokuncintisana emakethe ehlukanisiwe iphakanyiswa ngaphansi kwesimo samanje sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yemishini yokupakisha yaseShayina, esingasiza izinkampani zemishini yokupakisha zaseShayina ukusheshisa ucwaningo lwazo oluzimele kanye nentuthuko ngokushesha okukhulu. Funa indawo ephumelelayo efanele intuthuko yakho, bese usebenzisa kancane kancane imodeli yokukhiqiza nokusebenza 'enkulu, eqinile, encane, yobungcweti', ukuze amabhizinisi kuzo zonke izigaba akwazi ukuthuthuka ngokugcwele, futhi ashintshe isimo semboni yemishini yokupakisha yaseShayina ethembele kakhulu emishinini yangaphandle.

Njengamanje, imboni yemishini yokupakisha iseyinsimu yemishini enamandla eShayina. Intuthuko esheshayo yemboni yemithi ikakhulukazi ilethe amathuba amakhulu entuthuko embonini futhi yakhuthaza imboni ukusheshisa ukuguqulwa kwayo nokuthuthukiswa kwayo, Qalisa indlela yokusungula izinto ezintsha nentuthuko.