Kutheni le nto uHlanganiso olungenamthungo lubalulekile kwiiNkqubo zokuphela komgca?

Intshayelelo:

Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yempumelelo yeenkqubo zokuphela komgca. Ngokuntsonkotha okukhula rhoqo kunye neemfuno zeenkqubo zale mihla zokwenziwa, kuye kwayimfuneko ukuba kubekho indibaniselwano engenamthungo phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo enkqubo yomgca wokuphela. Eli nqaku liphonononga ukubaluleka kokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwiinkqubo zokuphela komgca kunye nendlela enokuphucula ngayo ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuvelisa, kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi.

IiNzuzo zoManyano olungenamthungo:

Udibaniso olungenamthungo lubhekisa kulungelelwaniso olugudileyo kunye nonxibelelwano phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo enkqubo yomgca wesiphelo, kubandakanya abahambisi, iirobhothi, izinzwa kunye nesoftware. Xa ezi zixhobo zisebenza kunye ngaphandle komthungo, zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo kubavelisi.

UkuSebenza okuPhuculweyo: Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kuphelisa ukungenelela ngesandla kunye nokulungelelanisa yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa, ekhokelela ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle. Ngokuzenzekelayo imisebenzi efana nokuphathwa kwemveliso, ukupakishwa, kunye nokulawulwa komgangatho, abavelisi banokususa iimpazamo, banciphise ixesha lokuphumla, kwaye bafikelele kumanqanaba aphezulu emveliso.

Imveliso eyongeziweyo: Ngokudibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo kwinkqubo edibeneyo, abavelisi banokwandisa umgca wabo wokuvelisa, ukunciphisa iibhotile, kunye nokunyusa ukuphuma. Le mveliso iphuculweyo ivumela umthamo ophezulu wemveliso, amaxesha amafutshane okukhokela, kunye nokuphucula ukwaneliseka kwabathengi.

Ukulawulwa komgangatho kunye nokulandelelwa: Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwenza utshintshiselwano lwedatha lwangempela phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo, ukuququzelela ulawulo olusebenzayo lomgangatho kunye nokulandeleka. Ngeenzwa ezidibeneyo kunye nesoftware, abavelisi banokubeka iliso ngokusondeleyo umgangatho wemveliso kwinqanaba ngalinye lenkqubo yokuphela komgca, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuphela iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu zifikelela kwimarike.

Ukuguquguquka kunye noKuguquguquka: Ngokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo, abavelisi banokuphinda bahlengahlengise iinkqubo zabo zokuphela komgca ukulungiselela utshintsho kwiinkcazo zemveliso, iimfuno zokupakisha, okanye umthamo wemveliso. Oku bhetyebhetye kwenza abavelisi baziqhelanise ngokukhawuleza neemfuno zentengiso kwaye bahlale bekhuphisana kwindawo yoshishino yanamhlanje.

Ukugcinwa kweendleko: Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kuphelisa iinkqubo ezingafunekiyo, kunciphisa imfuno yomsebenzi wezandla, kwaye kunciphisa iimpazamo kunye nokusebenza kwakhona. Oku kukhokelela kukongiwa kweendleko okubalulekileyo kubavelisi, okubavumela ukuba babele izibonelelo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye batyale imali kwiindawo ezivelisa imbuyekezo ephezulu.

Imiba ephambili yoManyano olungenamthungo:

Ukufezekisa ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwinkqubo yokuphela komgca kufuna ukucwangciswa okucokisekileyo kunye nokuphunyezwa. Zininzi izinto eziphambili ezinegalelo ekudityanisweni ngempumelelo kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo:

IiProthokholi zoNxibelelwano ezisemgangathweni: Iiprothokholi zonxibelelwano ezisemgangathweni ziqinisekisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo enkqubo yokuphela komgca. Iiprothokholi eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-OPC (i-OLE yoLawulo lweNkqubo), i-MQTT (i-Message Queuing Telemetry Transport), kunye ne-Ethernet / IP ivumela utshintshiselwano lwedatha olungenamthungo kunye nokunciphisa imiba yokuhambelana.

Vula i-Architecture kunye noYilo lweModyuli: Iinkqubo zokuphela komgca kufuneka zakhiwe kwi-architecture evulekileyo kunye noyilo lweemodyuli. Oku kuvumela ukudityaniswa lula kwamacandelo amatsha okanye itekhnoloji kwixesha elizayo, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa inkqubo yonke. Abavelisi kufuneka bakhethe abathengisi ababonelela ngezisombululo eziguquguqukayo nezinokunyuka ukulungiselela iimfuno zokwandiswa kwexesha elizayo okanye uhlengahlengiso.

Utshintshiselwano lweDatha yexesha langempela: Utshintshiselwano lwedatha yexesha langempela luyimfuneko ekudityanisweni komthungo kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezisebenzayo. Ngokudibanisa i-sensor, isoftware, kunye neenkqubo zokulawula, abavelisi banokuqokelela idatha yexesha langempela kumgangatho wemveliso, ukusebenza, kunye neeparamitha zenkqubo. Le datha yenza ulungelelwaniso ngexesha, ukugcinwa kwangaphambili, kunye nokulungiswa okuqhubekayo kwenkqubo yokuphela komgca.

Intsebenziswano phakathi kwabaThengisi: Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kufuna intsebenziswano phakathi kwababoneleli abahlukeneyo kunye nabathengisi ababandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yokuphela komgca. Abavelisi kufuneka bakhethe abaniki-nkonzo abanamava ekudibaniseni amacandelo abo nezinye iinkqubo, beqinisekisa ukuhambelana nokusebenza kakuhle.

UQhagamshelwano olomeleleyo noluKhuselekileyo: Ukufezekisa ukudityaniswa komthungo, abavelisi kufuneka baqinisekise uqhagamshelo oluqinileyo nolukhuselekileyo phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo. Oku kuquka iinethiwekhi ezithembekileyo ezingenazingcingo okanye ezineentambo, uguqulelo lwedatha, kunye nemilinganiselo yokhuseleko lwe-cybersecurity ukukhusela kwiingozi ezinokubakho okanye ubuthathaka benkqubo.

Imingeni kuManyano olungenamthungo:

Ngelixa udibaniso olungenamthungo lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, lukwanika imiceli mngeni ethile ekufuneka boyise abavelisi:

Ukuntsonkotha: Ukudibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo kwinkqubo engenamthungo kunokuba nzima, ngakumbi kuluhlu olwahlukeneyo lwetekhnoloji kunye nojongano olubandakanyekayo. Abavelisi kufuneka bacwangcise ngononophelo kwaye bavavanye inkqubo yokudibanisa ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwecandelo ngalinye.

IiNkqubo zeLifa: Amaziko amaninzi okuvelisa asaxhomekeke kwiinkqubo zelifa ezinokungadibani lula nobuchwepheshe bale mihla. Ukuphucula okanye ukubuyisela ezi nkqubo endaweni yazo kunokuba yinkqubo ebiza imali eninzi nedla ixesha, efuna ukuqwalaselwa ngenyameko nokucwangciswa.

IiMfuno zeZakhono: Udibaniso olungenamthungo lufuna abasebenzi abanezakhono abakuqondayo ukuntsonkotha kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nobuchwepheshe. Abavelisi kunokufuneka batyale imali kuqeqesho okanye baqeshe abasebenzi abakhethekileyo ukuze baqinisekise umanyano oluyimpumelelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokuphela komgca.

Ukusebenzisana: Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo kubathengisi abaninzi kunokuba ngumngeni. Abavelisi kufuneka bakhethe abathengisi abalandela imigangatho yoshishino kwaye banike izisombululo ezisebenzisanayo ezinokudityaniswa ngokulula namacandelo akhoyo okanye azayo.

Ukugcinwa kunye neNkxaso: Emva kokuba inkqubo yokuphela komgca idibeneyo, abavelisi kufuneka baqinisekise ukugcinwa okwaneleyo kunye nenkxaso yokwandisa ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokuphila ixesha elide. Oku kubandakanya uhlaziyo lwenkqubo eqhelekileyo, ukulungisa iingxaki, kunye nokuphendula kwangexesha kuyo nayiphi na imiba enokuthi ivele.

Isiphelo:

Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle, imveliso, kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zokuphela komgca. Ngokudibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo kwinkqubo emanyeneyo, abavelisi banokuhlengahlengisa iinkqubo zabo zemveliso, baphucule ulawulo lomgangatho, kwaye baqhelane ngokukhawuleza nokutshintsha kweemfuno zentengiso. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphumeza indibaniselwano engenamthungo kufuna ukucwangciswa ngononophelo, iiprothokholi zonxibelelwano ezisemgangathweni, utshintshiselwano lwedatha yexesha langempela, kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwababoneleli. Abavelisi kwakhona kufuneka boyise imingeni efana nobunzima, iinkqubo zelifa, kunye nokusebenzisana ukudibanisa ngempumelelo iinkqubo zabo zokuphela komgca. Ngokwenza utyalo-mali ekudibaneni okungenamthungo, abavelisi banokuvula amandla apheleleyo eenkqubo zabo zokuphela komgca kwaye bafumane ukhuphiswano kwindawo yokuvelisa yanamhlanje ekhawulezayo.