1. Imvelaphi yophuhliso lokupakishwa koomatshini bokupakisha yimeko eyimfuneko yokuba iimpahla zingene kwindawo yokujikeleza, kwaye izixhobo zokupakisha yeyona ndlela iphambili yokuqonda ukupakishwa kwempahla.
Amashishini okuvelisa izixhobo zokupakisha abonelela ngezixhobo zokupakisha ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso ezenzekelayo ngokweemfuno zobuqu zeteknoloji yokupakisha yabathengi.
Isixhobo sokupakisha sidibanisa itekhnoloji yemimandla emininzi efana nokulungiswa koomatshini, ulawulo lombane, ulawulo lwenkqubo yolwazi, iirobhothi zefektri, itekhnoloji yokubona umfanekiso, i-microelectronics, njl. njl. njengokubumba, ukuzaliswa, ukutywinwa, ukuleyibhile, ukufaka iikhowudi, ukudibanisa, ukupakisha, ukujika, njl njl, ibe yenye yezinto eziphambili kumashishini ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, ukunciphisa amandla omsebenzi, ukuphucula indawo yokusebenza, ukonga iindleko zabasebenzi, ukwandisa iteknoloji yokuvelisa. kunye nokufezekisa imveliso enkulu.
Ukususela ngo-1960, ngokuvela okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezintsha zokupakisha, iinkqubo ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe obutsha, kunye nokuhlaziywa kweemfuno zokupakisha kumashishini asezantsi, ishishini lomatshini wokupakisha kwihlabathi liye laphuhliswa ngokuqhubekayo.
Ukusuka kwimbono yasekhaya, kwi-1970s S, ngokusungulwa, ukugaywa kunye nokufunxwa kobuchwepheshe bangaphandle, okwenziwe e-China kugqitywe okokuqala-
Umatshini wokupakisha waseTaiwan, emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwama-30 yokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe, ishishini loomatshini bokupakisha ngoku liye laba lelinye lawona mashishini alishumi aphambili kumashishini oomatshini.
Ekuqaleni kophuhliso loshishino loomatshini bokupakisha, izixhobo zokupakisha zemanyuwali kunye ne-semi-automatic zezona ziphambili. Iqondo lokuzenzekela kwemveliso laliphantsi, ukuziqhelanisa neshishini kwakungalunganga, kwaye unyuso lwemarike lwalulinganiselwe kakhulu.
Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo loqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nokuphuculwa kweemfuno zemveliso ezizenzekelayo kwimveliso kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ishishini loomatshini bokupakisha liye laphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza, izixhobo zokupakisha zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kukutya, isiselo, amayeza, ishishini lemichiza, ukuveliswa koomatshini, indawo yokugcina impahla kunye nokuhanjiswa kunye nokunye. amashishini.
Ngokukodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yokhuphiswano olukhulayo lwemarike kumashishini asezantsi, umkhwa wemveliso enkulu kunye neyona nto inzima, kunye nokunyuka kweendleko zabasebenzi, izixhobo zokupakisha zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso kunye ne-logistics, i-automated kakhulu, izixhobo zokupakisha ezisebenzayo, ezikrelekrele kunye nezonga amandla ngokuthe ngcembe zithandwa ngamashishini asezantsi, izixhobo zokupakisha zemveli zidityaniswa ngokuthe ngcembe nobuchwepheshe be-fieldbus, itekhnoloji yokulawula ukuhanjiswa, itekhnoloji yokulawula intshukumo, itekhnoloji yokuchonga ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokubona ukhuseleko, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuveleni kobukrelekrele bale mihla. izixhobo zokupakisha.
2. Ubume bophuhliso loshishino lomatshini wokupakisha izixhobo zokupakisha zanamhlanje sisixhobo esizimeleyo kunye nomgca wokuvelisa ohlakaniphileyo osebenzisa iteknoloji yolwazi lwanamhlanje ukuze usebenze nokulawula, ubonisa iimfuno zophuhliso lwe-automation ephezulu, i-mechatronics kunye nobukrelekrele bezixhobo zokupakisha.
Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo zokupakisha zemveli, izixhobo zokupakisha zanamhlanje zineempawu zokubethelwa ngokukhawuleza, imveliso eqhubekayo, ukuziqhelanisa nemveliso eyomeleleyo, ukusebenza ngokungenamntu, njl. ulawulo lwekhonkco kunye nokugcinwa kwedatha ngokuzenzekelayo, ehambelana ngakumbi neemfuno zemveliso yobuninzi yanamhlanje.
Amazwe aphuhlileyo sele enze utshintsho oluzenzekelayo. Izixhobo zokupakisha zizixhobo eziyimfuneko kwimveliso, kunye nophuhliso lwamazwe asakhasayo (Afana neChina)
Ngokunyuka kweendleko zabasebenzi kunye nokuqiniswa kokhuseleko lwabasebenzi, yonke imboni inentloko yengxaki yokuqesha abantu kwi-back packing. Ukupakisha okuzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo kunye nokungaphathwanga yindlela yophuhliso. Ngokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lwamashishini, ikwakhuthaza ukuphuculwa kobugcisa kwindawo yokupakisha. Ukwehliswa kweendleko zokupakisha sisihloko sophando kwiifektri ezahlukeneyo, kwaye imfuno yezixhobo zokupakisha iya iqina kwaye inamandla, phakathi kwabo, ukutya, isiselo, amayeza, iimveliso zephepha kunye neshishini lemichiza zezona ntengiso zisezantsi zezixhobo zokupakisha.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, eqhutywa kukuphuculwa kwenqanaba lokusetyenziswa komntu ngamnye kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwemfuno yokusetyenziswa kwilizwe lethu, amashishini emveliso kumashishini amaninzi anjengokutya, isiselo, amayeza, ishishini lemichiza kunye neemveliso zephepha ziye zawabamba amathuba ophuhliso, ngokuqhubekayo. Ukwandiswa kwesikali semveliso kunye nokuphuculwa kokukhuphisana kwimarike kubonelele ngesiqinisekiso esisebenzayo sophuhliso olukhawulezayo loshishino loomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina.
3. Indlela yophuhliso yoshishino loomatshini bokupakisha kule minyaka imbalwa izayo, ukukhula kokuthengiswa kwezixhobo zokupakisha kumazwe asaphuhlayo nakwimimandla kuya kuba yeyona nto iqhubayo kuphuhliso lwezixhobo zokupakisha zehlabathi. Njengelizwe elikhulu elisaphuhlayo, imfuno yezixhobo zokupakisha iya kwenza enye yeemarike ezinkulu zehlabathi;
Amanye amazwe aphuhlileyo kunye nemimandla yase-Asiya, efana ne-Indiya, i-Indonesia, iMalaysia kunye neThailand, nayo iya kuba nokukhula okukhulu kwimfuno yemarike yezixhobo zokupakisha;
Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe aphuhlileyo kunye nemimandla efana ne-United States, iNtshona Yurophu kunye neJapan, nangona izinga lokukhula kwemfuno yemarike yezixhobo zokupakisha liphantsi kunelo lamazwe asakhasayo, ngenxa yesiseko esikhulu semarike, imfuno yokutshintshwa inamandla, kulindeleke ukuba ulwando oluzinzileyo luqhubeke kwixesha elizayo.Umzi-mveliso oomatshini bokupakisha ukhonza ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo yemveliso yamashishini kunye neendawo zokugcina iimpahla kunye namakhonkco othutho apho iimveliso zigqithiselwa kwintsimi yokusetyenziswa, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso oluphilileyo loqoqosho lwesizwe, uphando oluzimeleyo kunye nophuhliso kunye noshishino lwezixhobo zokupakisha, ngokukodwa izixhobo zokupakisha eziphezulu, ziye zahlala zijolise ekuphuhliseni okukhuthazwa ngumgaqo-nkqubo welizwe loshishino, ngokugxininisa ekuphuhliseni ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, ukuguquguquka, ubungakanani obukhulu, ubuqu kunye nobukrelekrele.
