Kuwunika kwa mfundo zoyambira, kapangidwe kake ndi kukonza madera a choyezera chamagetsi chamtundu wambiri

Wolemba: Smartweigh- Multihead Weigher

1 Mfundo yoyambira ndi kapangidwe ka multihead weigher Mfundo yayikulu ya choyezera chamtundu wambiri ndikuti chinthucho chikayikidwa mu sikelo, choyezera choyezera chimatembenuza chizindikiro cholemera cha ukonde kukhala chofananira chamagetsi amagetsi, ndiyeno choyezera chamagulu ambiri chimakulitsa, zosefera, otembenuka A/D, ndikusintha digito zomwe zimatuluka ndi chizindikiro cha digito pa chowonera ndikuwonetsa. Kuyeza kwamtundu wambiri kumatha kugawidwa m'magawo anayi, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1. Mfundo yofunikira, kapangidwe kake ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake chachiwiri, gawo lowonetsera digito, lomwe ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuwonetsa kutulutsa kwa digito ndi sensa pawonetsero pambuyo pakukulitsa, kusefa, kutembenuka kwa A / D ndi kukonza kwa digito; chachitatu, mbali thupi lonse, amene ntchito yaikulu ndi katundu, ndi dongosolo makina akhoza kugawidwa mu lonse nsanja, kuchepetsa malire lophimba, ndi gong bawuti; zida zamagetsi zili ndi ma terminals, zingwe zoyankhulirana, ndi zina; chachinayi, gawo lozungulira, lomwe limatanthawuza zida zolumikizidwa ndi doko lotulutsa chizindikiro cha chida chowonetsera digito ndikulandila chizindikiro cha gulu la zida; zotumphukira zofala zimaphatikizapo osindikiza, zowonetsera zazikulu, ndi makina owongolera anzeru apakompyuta; Komanso, pali athandizira analogi ndi linanena bungwe, kuwala CHIKWANGWANI linanena bungwe, wapakatikati relay linanena bungwe, etc. Electronic sikelo magetsi multihead woyezera tebulo akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri malinga ndi mtundu wa chizindikiro, ndicho, analogi multihead woyezera tebulo ndi digito multihead woyezera tebulo. Analogi multihead weigher tebulo Sikelo yoyezera imalandira zizindikiro za digito, ndipo thupi la sikelo limagwiritsa ntchito masensa a analogi, omwe amasintha kulemera komwe kumawonjezeredwa ku sikelo kukhala chizindikiro chofananira chamagetsi kudzera pakupindika kwa thupi lotanuka kuti lipangitse kukana kwa sikelo ya resistor; Digital multihead weighing sikelo ndi chida chomwe chimaphatikiza ukadaulo wamakono wazamagetsi, ukadaulo wa micro-processing, ukadaulo wa digito wolipirira komanso masensa achikale olemetsa. Ikhoza kuwerengera kulemera kwake kudzera pa kompyuta ndikuwonetsa, kusunga, kukopera ndi kufalitsa popereka mawonekedwe olankhulana ndi protocol yomwe imagwirizana ndi sensa ya digito. 2 Njira zosamalira masikelo oyezera mitu yambiri yamagetsi ndi ma sensa ma sikelo amagetsi amitundu yambiri Pali zolakwika zosiyanasiyana pamatebulo oyezera, ndipo pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika. Ndipo vuto lomwelo nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha kufunika kofufuza zolakwika, choyamba tiyenera kuyesa kupeza ndi kudziŵa pamene pali vutolo. Kusaka kolakwika kumatengera vuto lomwe limafotokozedwa mwachidule panthawi ya cholakwika ndi ntchito zamakina, zida zamagetsi, zolumikizira, ndi magawo. Kuphatikizana ndi mitundu yolakwika yomwe yafupikitsidwa panthawi yothetsa mavuto, zonse zomwe zimayambitsa cholakwika zimafufuzidwa ndikuwunikidwa. Kenako, kudalira ma multimeter, gulu la zida zamakanema, kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, yang'anani malo achilendo m'modzim'modzi, ndipo pomaliza dziwani pomwe cholakwikacho. 2.1 Zolephera zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha chilengedwe Kusintha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe kungayambitse kuyeza kwa masikelo apakompyuta. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zimaphatikizapo kusintha kwa magetsi. Kugwedezeka, kuthamanga kwa mphepo, kugunda kwamphezi, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti sikelo yamagetsi igwire ntchito mosakhazikika. Chifukwa chake, sikelo yamagetsi iyenera kuyambika pang'ono momwe kungathekere mumphepo yamkuntho komanso yamkuntho. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, njira zotetezera mphezi ndi maziko otetezera amagetsi amagetsi ayenera kuchitidwa bwino. Pakugwedezeka, njira zodzidzimutsa monga zida zotchingira ndi ngalande zodzitchinjiriza zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwake. Mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pawokha waya pa sikelo yamagetsi kapena kusintha magawo omwe amayendetsedwa ndi magetsi. 2.2 Kulephera kwa zida pa sikelo ya thupi Kulephera kwa zida pa sikelo ya thupi makamaka kumaphatikizira kusinthika kwa sikelo, sikelo ya thupi ikuphwanyidwa ndi dothi, kulephera kwa zida zosinthira, ndi kulephera kwa sensa yothandizira kugwedeza mutu. Miyeso yamagetsi nthawi zambiri imasuntha zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali, ndipo zida zimabalalika nthawi zonse. Zigawo zamakina zimathandizidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuwonongeka kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamakina. Kulephera kwa mbali zamakina zamasikelo amagetsi kumatha kuwonedwa mwachindunji ndi maso, kapena kuzindikirika mosavuta ngati sikelo ya thupi imagwedezeka kuti ithetse zolakwikazo. 2.3 Kulephera kwa Sensor Sensa yoyezera ndiye chigawo chachikulu cha sikelo yamagetsi. Ili ndi ntchito yosinthira mphamvu kukhala zizindikiro zamagetsi. Kulephera kwa sensa yoyezera kungayambitse kupatuka kwakukulu pakulemera kwa sikelo yamagetsi. Sikelo siyingabwerere ku ziro. Kupatuka kwa gudumu kumakhala kwakukulu. The repeatability ndi osauka, etc. 1) Ngati pali kupatuka kwakukulu pakulemera kwa sikelo yamagetsi, choyamba muwone ngati mtengo wa code ndi wokhazikika, ngati pali mikangano pa malo aliwonse a sensa, ngati chosinthika chowongolera magetsi chimakhala chokhazikika, komanso ngati dera la op amp ndilokhazikika. , gwiritsani ntchito miyeso yoyezera kuti muwone ngati miyendo inayi ya sikeloyo imalemera mofanana. Malinga ndi malangizo, pitilizani kusanthula chida chamagulu kapena sinthani kulemera kwa ukonde. 2) Ngati mulingo wamagetsi sungathe kubwerera ku zero, choyamba yang'anani ngati mtengo wa sensa umakhala mkati mwa muyezo (A / D chiwerengero chosinthika cha code / code code range / pansi code code). Ngati mtengo wa siginecha suli mkati mwa muyezo, sinthani kukana kosinthika kwa sensa kuti musinthe mtengo wazizindikiro ku muyezo. Ngati sichingalipidwe, chonde onani ngati sensayo ili ndi vuto. Pambuyo powonetsetsa kuti kutulutsa kwa sensa ndikwabwinobwino (thupi lonselo ndi lokhazikika), tsekani gulu la zida nthawi zonse. Ngati pali cholakwika, nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha amplifier circuit ndi A/D conversion circuit. Kenaka, molingana ndi ndondomeko ya dera, choyamba tiyenera kuyang'ana ngati magetsi ndi abwino, kenaka gwirizanitsani zolowetsa chizindikiro ku chizindikiro cha kanema, kusintha kukula kwa chizindikiro cha kanema, ndikuwona ngati voteji itatha kuwonjezeka ndi yachibadwa. Kenako gwiritsani ntchito digito oscillator kuti muwone ngati crystal oscillator yogwira ikugwira ntchito, fufuzani ngati zotsatira za mfundo iliyonse ndizodziwika bwino, ndipo potsiriza fufuzani dera la optocoupler ndi maulendo ena otuluka kuti mupeze cholakwika. 3) Sikelo yamagetsi imakhala ndi kupatuka kwakukulu kwa gudumu kapena kubwereza koyipa. Mkhalidwewu ndi wofanana ndi mkhalidwe wakulephera kubwerera ku ziro. Nthawi zambiri, zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kusintha kwamitundu yaying'ono yolowetsa chizindikiro. Malingana ndi njira yolephera kubwerera ku zero, ngati palibe vuto lomwe likupezeka, choyamba yang'anani mphamvu yamagetsi. Kaya dera la A / D ndilabwinobwino, ndiyeno yang'anani kutulutsa kwa sensor. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yoyezera mwamphamvu ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyang'ana zolakwika wamba wa sensor. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikulumikiza waya wa sensa ku bolodi la mavabodi, gwiritsani ntchito zida za DCV za mita ya digito (ma manambala anayi ndi theka kapena kuposerapo ndizabwino kwambiri), ndikuyezera S + mpaka Ngati sichoncho, sensor iyenera kulipidwa. Njirayi ndi yakuti ngati chizindikiro chotulutsa sensa ndichokwera kwambiri, chonde onjezerani chotsutsa chosinthika pakati pa "E + S-" ya sensa kuti mupange chizindikiro chamtengo wapatali mkati mwamtundu wamba (kutsika kukana, kutsika kwa chizindikiro cha sensor). Ngati chizindikiro chotulutsa sensa ndichotsika kwambiri kapena -ERR, chonde onjezani chopinga chosinthika pakati pa "E +~S+" ya sensa kuti chiwongolero cha siginecha chikhale mkati mwanthawi zonse (kutsika kukana, kukwezera chizindikiro cha sensor). 2.4 Electronic sikelo multihead Zolakwika zina zodziwika ndi kukonza mita yoyezera 1) Ngati sikelo yamagetsi siyiyatsidwa, yang'anani kaye masinthidwe amagetsi a sikelo yayikulu, pulagi yamagetsi, makina osinthira voteji ndi zina zowonjezera ndikufunira magawo amagetsi. Ngati palibe vuto, onani ngati thiransifoma ili ndi zolowetsa za AC ndi zotulutsa za AC. Ngati chida chili ndi batire, chotsani batire ndikuyiyambitsa ndi mphamvu ya AC kuti mupewe zolakwika chifukwa chamagetsi osakwanira. Pomaliza, onani ngati inverter circuit, voltage regulator circuit ndi optocoupler circuit ndi zachilendo. Ngati izi ndizabwinobwino, onani ngati CPU ndi mabwalo othandizira atenthedwa. 2) Chojambula chamagetsi chikuwonetsa nambala yolakwika. Chotsani chigawo choyambirira chowonetsera ndikuchisintha ndi chigawo chowonetsera kuti muwone ngati chiri chachilendo. Ngati chiwonetserochi Ngati chidziwitso chikuwonetsedwa bwino, zikutanthauza kuti pali vuto ndi dera lowonetsera. Ngati sizachilendo, onani ngati dera la optocoupler lili ndi vuto, ndipo pomaliza onani ngati pini yowonetsera ya CPU ili mumtundu woyenera. 3) Chinsinsi cha ntchito sichikugwira ntchito bwino kapena sichikugwira ntchito. Choyamba, fufuzani ngati pali kutayikira pamalo ofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kagawo kakang'ono kapena kozungulira; chachiwiri, fufuzani ngati pulagi yamakiyi ogwirira ntchito ndi soketi yamagetsi ikulumikizana bwino komanso ngati pali kumasuka; chachitatu, fufuzani ngati zitsulo zazitsulo zogwirira ntchito ndizowotcherera bwino; Chachinayi, fufuzani ngati soketi yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi chingwe cholumikizira chamagetsi cha CPU chili ndi dera lalifupi kapena lalifupi. Ngati cholakwikacho sichinapezekebe, chachisanu ndikuyesa molondola ngati ma diode ndi zopinga pa makiyi ogwira ntchito ndi ma CPU ozungulira ali ndi maulendo afupi kapena mafupi. Mwachidule, chifukwa cha multihead yamagetsi Pali zolakwika zambiri zomwe zimapezeka muzitsulo zoyezera, ndipo zolakwika zimakhalanso zovuta kwambiri. Nthawi zina zolakwa zingapo zimachitika nthawi imodzi. Masikelo amagetsi a multihead weigher ndi ofanana ndi zinthu zina zamagetsi. Malingana ngati mumvetsetsa mfundo zake zamapangidwe ndi mabwalo, mutha kukonza. Pothetsa zolakwika zomwe zimachitika pamagetsi a multihead weigher, muyenera kusanthula mozama potengera zolakwika zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri, fufuzani mosamala siteji yomwe ingayambitse vuto lodziwika bwino, zindikirani mwachangu komanso molondola malo omwe ali ndi vuto, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti sikelo yamagetsi yama multihead weigher imalemera molondola. Mau Oyamba: Poyerekeza ndi masikelo amakanika, masikelo amagetsi a multihead weigher ali ndi zabwino zambiri monga kuyeza mwachangu, kuwonetsa mwachilengedwe, komanso kuwononga kosavuta. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kukuchulukirachulukira, ndipo pang'onopang'ono asintha masikelo opangira makina. Mu pepalali, kapangidwe kake ndi mfundo zoyezera zamasikelo amagetsi a multihead weigher zimakambidwa koyamba mogwirizana ndi zenizeni, ndiyeno njira zosamalira masikelo amagetsi a multihead weigher ndi mabwalo olumikizidwa ndi sensa amakambidwa. 1 Mfundo ndi kapangidwe ka sikelo yamagetsi yama multihead weigher Mfundo yayikulu yoyezera ndi yakuti chinthucho chikayikidwa mu sikelo, sensa yoyezera imatembenuza chizindikiro cha kulemera kwa ukonde kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi cha kuchuluka kwa zotsatira, ndiyeno tebulo la multihead weigher limakulitsa, zosefera, A/D imatembenuza ndikuwonetsa ma sensor pa digito. Gome loyezera likhoza kugawidwa m'magulu anayi, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1. Yoyamba ndi gawo la sensa yolemera, yomwe ntchito yake yaikulu ndiyo kutembenuza chizindikiro cholemera cha ukonde chomwe chinawonjezeredwa ku nsanja yolemetsa kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi chotulutsa peresenti; chachiwiri ndi gawo la chida chowonetsera digito, chomwe ntchito yake yaikulu ndikukulitsa, fyuluta, kusintha kwa A / D, ndikuwonetsa kutulutsa kwa chizindikiro cha digito ndi sensa pawonetsero pambuyo pokonza digito; chachitatu ndi sikelo thupi gawo, amene ntchito yaikulu ndi katundu, ndi makina dongosolo angathenso kugawidwa mu masekeli nsanja, kusamutsidwa malire kusinthana, ndi gong bawuti; zida zamagetsi zili ndi ma terminals, zingwe zoyankhulirana, ndi zina; chachinayi ndi gawo lozungulira, lomwe limatanthawuza zida zolumikizidwa ndi doko lotulutsa chizindikiro cha chida chowonetsera digito ndikulandila chizindikiro cha gulu la zida; zotumphukira zofala zimaphatikizapo osindikiza, zowonetsera zazikulu, ndi makina owongolera anzeru apakompyuta; Kuphatikiza apo, palinso zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa zaanaloji, kutulutsa kwa fiber, kutulutsa kwapakatikati, ndi zina.

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