Okufanele Ukubheke Lapho Uthenga Umshini Wokupakisha Isaladi

Ukupakisha isaladi entsha kungenye yemisebenzi enzima kakhulu ekucubungulweni kokudla. Isaladi ihlanganisa amaqabunga abuthakathaka, umswakama ophezulu, kanye nefasitela elifushane ukusuka epulazini kuya eshalofini, ngakho-ke isinqumo ngasinye sokupakisha sithinta ikhwalithi, ukuphepha, kanye nesikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Isiqondiso esingezansi sikusiza ukuthi ucacise umshini wokupakisha isaladi ofanele bese ukhetha umhlinzeki oqondayo imikhiqizo emisha.

Qonda Izidingo Zakho Zomkhiqizo Wesaladi

Ngaphambi kokuhlola noma yimuphi umshini, qonda umkhiqizo owupakishayo. Isaladi akuyona isigaba esisodwa kodwa umndeni ohlukahlukene, ngamunye unezinselele ezahlukene zokusingatha.

♦ Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zemikhiqizo Yesaladi

Imifino eluhlaza enamaqabunga njenge-baby spinach, i-arugula, ne-romaine yizona ezivame kakhulu futhi eziyinselele kakhulu ngoba amaqabunga ayaphuka kalula futhi ayahlukahluka ngobuningi. I-coleslaw kanye nezingxube eziqoshiwe ziyafana kodwa zikhipha uketshezi. Amasethi esaladi adinga ukugcwaliswa kwezingxenye eziningi, kuyilapho amasaladi e-pasta kanye nokolweni enamaphrofayili okugeleza nomswakama ahlukene.

Ifomethi yokupakishwa nayo ibalulekile. Amaphakethe, amathileyi aqinile anefilimu yokumboza, kanye namagobolondo e-clamshell kudinga ukwakheka kwemishini okuhlukile, ngakho-ke bhala phansi imikhiqizo yakho yamanje nehleliwe.

♦ Hlaziya Izici Zesaladi Ngaphambi Kokukhetha Imishini

Izici ezintathu ziqhuba ukusebenza kahle komshini. Ubuthakathaka: amaqabunga ayaphuka ngaphansi kwamaconsi, ukucindezelwa, noma izikhala ezincane, ngakho-ke izindlela zokuphatha kumele zinciphise ukucindezeleka. Umswakama: isaladi ingamaphesenti angama-90 kuya kwangu-95 amanzi, futhi izindawo ezimanzi zibangela ukuthi umkhiqizo unamathele emabhakedeni, emabhandeni, nasemapayipini, okunciphisa ukudlula kanye nokunemba. Ubuningi obuxubile: isikhwama sengxube yesipilingi sibamba amaqabunga alula nezinto ezixineneyo okungafanele zihlukaniswe ngesikhathi sokulinganisa.

Cacisa izici ezibhekana nalezi zici: amabhakede anganamatheli, amashubhu akha ububanzi, izindlela zokudlulisa ezithambile, kanye nama-algorithms okukala alungiselelwe umkhiqizo onabantu abaphansi. Umhlinzeki obuza imibuzo eningiliziwe ngawo ubonisa ubuchwepheshe bangempela.

♦ Chaza Imigomo Yakho Yokukhiqiza

Zibekele imigomo eqondile: amaphakethe aqondiwe ngomzuzu kanye nosayizi wamaphakethe, izinga lokunikezwa elivumelekile, isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi sokuqondiwe kanye ne-MAP residual oxygen edingekayo, inani lemikhiqizo kanye nemvamisa yokushintsha, kanye nokuqagela kwabasebenzi uma ukuzenzekela kuhloselwe ukunciphisa umsebenzi wezandla. Bala lokhu ukuze uhlole i-ROI.

Imishini yesaladi iza ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko, ngayinye inamandla ahlukene kuye ngefomethi, ivolumu, kanye nokwethulwa.

♦ Umshini Wokulinganisa Nokupakisha Isaladi Ozenzakalelayo

Isikali sokuhlanganiswa esizenzakalelayo esihlanganiswe nomshini wokugcwalisa ifomu oqondile siyindlela ejwayelekile yesaladi efakwe emasakeni enomthamo ophakathi kuya phezulu. Kwisaladi idinga amabhakede amakhulu, izembozo ezinganamatheli, ukudlidliza okuncishisiwe, kanye nokuphakama okuphansi okulawulwayo ukuze kuvikelwe amaqabunga abuthakathaka.

Ifinyelela amaphakethe angu-30 kuya kwangu-60 ngomzuzu futhi igcina isisindo esilinganayo. I-algorithm yokuhlanganisa iphatha ukwehluka kwemvelo kobuningi bomzimba kangcono kunokugcwalisa ivolumu.

♦ Umshini Wokupakisha Isaladi Yesikhwama Esenziwe Ngaphambili

Kumaphakethe amile noma amile anoziphu ongavalwa kabusha, umshini wesikhwama ojikelezayo owenziwe ngaphambilini ukhetha, uvule, ugcwalise, uhlanze igesi uma kudingeka, bese uvala iphakethe. Ifanela isaladi yokuthengisa ephezulu.

Ukupakishwa kwezikhwama ezenziwe kusengaphambili kusebenza kahle emikhiqizweni yokuthengisa ephezulu lapho ukuba khona kweshelufu kubalulekile.

♦ Umshini Wokupakisha Isaladi Yethreyi

Ama-tray sealers alawula izitsha zesaladi ezilungele ukudliwa ebangeni elingu-150g kuya ku-450g ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu esishintshiwe. Imishini yomzila owodwa isebenzisa ama-tray angu-20 kuya ku-40 ngomzuzu; izinhlobo zemizila emibili zifinyelela ku-60 kuya ku-80.

Isici esiyinhloko ukuhlanzwa nokuvalwa kwegesi ye-MAP: i-oxygen esele kumele ihlale ngaphansi kwamaphesenti ama-2, okungcono kube ngaphansi kwamaphesenti ama-1, ngokuvalwa okungenawo umoya-mpilo, njengoba noma yikuphi ukungena komoya-mpilo kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi.

Hlola Izici Ezibalulekile Zokusebenza Kwemishini Yokupakisha Isaladi

Ukusebenza kuyisethi yezinto ezixhumene, hhayi inombolo eyodwa. Hlukanisa ngayinye, kodwa qonda ukuthi zisebenzisana kanjani phakathi noshintsho oluphelele.

◆ Ukunemba Kokupakisha Nokulawulwa Kokulahlwa Komkhiqizo

Ukunemba kunezinhlangothi ezimbili: isisindo sephakethe (ukugwema ukugcwala ngokweqile) kanye nokunakekelwa komkhiqizo (ukugwema umonakalo). Ukugcwala ngokweqile okungu-3g kuphela ephaketheni elingu-150g kunikezwa amaphesenti amabili; emaphaketheni ayisigidi angu-3,000kg womkhiqizo olahlekile, kuyilapho amaqabunga aphukile enciphisa isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi futhi ephakamisa izikhalazo.

Hlola ukunemba ngomkhiqizo wakho wangempela, hhayi okunye esikhundleni sawo. Idatha yesisindo kufanele ibonise ukusabalala okuqinile eduze kwesithako, kanti amaqabunga apakishiwe kufanele abonise umonakalo omncane.

◆ Isivinini Somshini Nokusebenza Kahle Kokukhiqiza

Isivinini esiqhubekayo ngaphezu kokushintsha kwamahora ayisishiyagalombili sibaluleke kakhulu kunesilinganiso esiphezulu. Umshini wamaphakethe angu-60 ngomzuzu ongu-80% we-OEE ukhiqiza amaphakethe amahle angu-48 ngomzuzu; umshini wama-45 ppm ongu-95% we-OEE ukhiqiza cishe ama-43.

Cela abahlinzeki ngesivinini sangempela sesaladi kanye ne-OEE emishinini efakiwe, bese uqaphela ukuthi izinto ezimanzi njenge-coleslaw zihamba kancane kunezomile.

◆ Ikhwalithi Yokupakisha Nokusebenza Kokuvala

Ikhwalithi yesivalo iyinkinga yokuphepha kokudla. Ukuvuza kuvumela umoya-mpilo ukuthi ungene futhi kungangenisa ukungcola, futhi ngenxa yokuthi isaladi ayinaso isinyathelo sokubulala ngemva kokupakisha, noma yini engena esivaloni esibi ifinyelela kumthengi.

Ukusebenza kwe-seal kuncike ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa lomhlathi, ingcindezi, kanye nesikhathi sokuhlala, kanye nekhono lokuvala phakathi kokungcola. Isaladi ishiya umswakama nezingcezu endaweni ye-seal, ngakho-ke xoxani ngamaphrofayili anezimbotshana, amabhande e-seal abanzi, kanye nokususwa komkhiqizo okuzenzakalelayo.

◆ Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo Kwemikhiqizo Ehlukene Yesaladi

Umugqa osebenzisa umkhiqizo owodwa kuphela ukubheja okuyingozi esigabeni esishintsha ngokushesha. Khetha izilawuli zokupheka, amathuluzi okushintsha okusheshayo, kanye nokusetha kwesisindo okulungisekayo.

Isikhathi sokushintsha sibalulekile. Umshini odinga imizuzu engama-90 phakathi kwemikhiqizo ulahlekelwa umkhiqizo; buza ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukushintsha nokuthi isikrini siyabaqondisa yini opharetha ukuthi bakwenze lokho.

Naka Izidingo Zokuhlanzeka Nokuphepha Kokudla

Isaladi isilungele ukudliwa ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu, ngakho-ke ukuphepha kokudla kumele kufakwe emshinini kusukela ekuqaleni.

☀ Ukwakhiwa Kwensimbi Engagqwali Yezinga Lokudla

Zonke izindawo ezithinta umkhiqizo zidinga insimbi engagqwali esezingeni lokudla, uhlobo 304 okungenani kanye no-316 lapho kusetshenziswa khona izihlanzi ze-chloride noma imikhiqizo ene-acidic. Izingxenye zesakhiwo kufanele futhi zibe ne-stainless noma zimbozwe ngendlela ephephile ekudleni.

Ukuqeda kubaluleke kakhulu njengokulinganisa. Izindawo zokuthintana kufanele zibe yi-Ra 0.8 micrometer noma ngaphezulu, zibushelelezi futhi zingabi nezimbobo, zibe nokushintshwa komhlaba okuqhubekayo futhi kungabikho mifantu lapho izinsalela zingabuthana khona.

☀ Umklamo Wokuhlanza Nokulungisa Olula

Umshini okunzima ukuwuhlanza awuhlanzwa kahle. Funa ukususwa kwamabhakede ngaphandle kwamathuluzi, izindawo ezizikhipha amanzi ezithambekele, ama-ledge ambalwa avundlile, ama-bearings avaliwe, kanye nemisele efinyelelekayo.

Imigqa yesaladi ihlanzwa okungenani kanye ngeshifti ngayinye futhi ihlanzwe ngokujulile phakathi kokushintshana. Umshini othatha amahora amathathu ukususa nokuhlanza imfucuza unamandla okugcina owakhiwe kangcono. Buza umhlinzeki ngezinyathelo nesikhathi sokuhlanza.

☀ Izici Zokuvikela Okungangeni Manzi Nokuhlanzeka

Izindawo zesaladi zimanzi ngenxa yomkhiqizo, ukujiya, kanye nokuhlanzwa. Sebenzisa amakhabethe kagesi e-IP65 anezindlala ezivaliwe, izinzwa ze-IP67, kanye nama-motor angenasici anezimbobo ezivaliwe.

Uhlaka kufanele luvimbele ukungena kwamanzi ngokushintshwa okuqhubekayo, amaphaneli anegesi, iziqongo ezigobile, kanye nomzila wekhebula ojikelezayo. Ukungabikho kwawo esilinganisweni kufanele kukukhathaze.

Cabanga Ngokuhlanganisa Umshini Wokwenza Izinto Ngokuzenzakalelayo Nokukhiqiza

Imishini yesaladi yesimanje iyimimojula ehlakaniphile emgqeni. Izinga layo lokuzenzakalela kanye nokuhlanganiswa linquma ukuthi ingakanani intshisekelo yomqhubi nokuthi ihambisana kahle kangakanani nezinye izinqubo.

▶ Uhlelo Lokulawula Oluhlakaniphile

Uhlelo lokulawula, ngokuvamile i-PLC enesikrini sokuthinta, kufanele lubonise isivinini esibukhoma, ukubalwa, isisindo esimaphakathi, kanye nokunikezwa, luhlele izitayela zesisindo, lunikeze ama-alamu acacile, futhi lukhawulele izinguquko ezingagunyaziwe.

Izixhumanisi zenethiwekhi (i-Ethernet/IP, i-Modbus TCP, noma i-Profinet) zivumela umshini ukuthi ubike ku-SCADA noma i-MES yesitshalo. Qinisekisa ukuthi isekela iphrothokholi yakho futhi ingakunikeza imephu yedatha.

▶ Ukuxhumana Nemishini Ephezulu Nephansi

Phezulu komfula, umshini udinga ukudla okulinganiselwe okuzinzile futhi kumele uhambisane nemishini yokungenisa ukuze womabili ame ndawonye lapho omunye eyeka.

Ngaphansi komfula, kumele ixhumeke kuma-checkweighers, ama-metal detector, kanye nama-conveyor. Yabelana ngokuhlelwa komugqa kusenesikhathi ukuze kukhishwe ukuphakama, ububanzi, kanye nezimpawu zokulawula zonke zifane.

▶ Ukuphathwa Kweresiphi Nokusebenza Okulula

Ukuphathwa kweresiphi kugcina izilungiselelo ezigcwele ngomkhiqizo ngamunye kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamalogi ukuze kulandeleke. Ukubuyisa iresiphi kuthatha ukuthinta isikrini okumbalwa futhi kunciphise iphutha lokushintsha.

Izici ezilula njengezingcweti zokushintsha eziqondiswayo, amakhawunta okulungisa, kanye nezikrini zezilimi eziningi kunciphisa izidingo zabasebenzi nokuqeqeshwa emakethe yabasebenzi abaqinile.

Indlela Yokukhetha Umhlinzeki Womshini Wokupakisha Isaladi Othembekile

Ukukhetha komhlinzeki kunezinzuzo ezinkulu ekupakisheni amasaladi ngoba ukusebenza kabi kusho ukonakala, izehlakalo zokuphepha, kanye nokusulwa kokuthengiswa. Hlola abantu abazongenela ukhetho kanje.

◇ Hlola Ulwazi Lwemboni Yokudla

Ulwazi olujwayelekile lokupakisha aluyona ulwazi lwesaladi. Umhlinzeki ogxile kwihadiwe, amakhemikhali, noma ukudla okulula okomile angase aphuthelwe ukuhlanzeka, umswakama, kanye nobuthakathaka bemikhiqizo emisha. Cela ngqo isaladi kanye nokufakwa okusha.

Qinisekisa ngezifundo zamacala, izithombe, kanye nezinkomba, bese uhlola ukuthi ukufakwa kwakamuva futhi kusasebenza.

◇ Hlola Amandla Okwenza Ngokwezifiso

Yonke imisebenzi ihlukile. Ukuzimisela komhlinzeki ukwenza ngokwezifiso kuhlukanisa umthengisi nomlingani; ukwethula izidingo zakho bese ubona ukuthi baphakamisa izixazululo ezithile noma bacindezela iyunithi ejwayelekile.

Xoxa ngamapayipi okwenza ngokwezifiso, amabhakede okulinganisa aguquliwe, ukuhlanganiswa nama-conveyor akhona kanye nama-checkweighers, uhlelo lweresiphi, kanye nezinqubo zakho zokuhlanzeka.

◇ Qinisekisa Ukufakwa Nokusekelwa Kobuchwepheshe

Ikhwalithi yokusekela inquma ukuthi ukuthenga kuyaphumelela yini. Qinisekisa izinsuku zokufakwa, ukuqeqeshwa, onjiniyela abakhuluma isiNgisi, izikhathi zokuphendula, nokuthi uchwepheshe angavakashela yini endaweni.

Ukuhlola okukude kuvumela uchwepheshe ukuthi abuke i-HMI kanye ne-PLC ukuze anciphise isikhathi sokungasebenzi kusukela ezinsukwini kuya emahoreni. Qinisekisa ukuthi iyatholakala nokuthi ivikelwe kanjani.

◇ Buyekeza Amaphrojekthi Amakhasimende Angaphambilini

Cela izinkomba ezinemikhiqizo efanayo kanye nomthamo, bese ushayela umphathi wokukhiqiza noma wokulungisa wangempela mayelana nokuthembeka, ukufakwa, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nokusabela.

Abahlinzeki bangempela bayakwamukela ukuhlolwa kwezinkomba. Okufihla ngemuva kobumfihlo kungase kube nokufakwa okumbalwa kwangempela; okungenani cela idatha nezithombe ezihlanziwe.

Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokuthenga Imishini Yokupakisha Isaladi

Ngaphambi kokuba usayine, sebenza ngalolu hlu lokuhlola ukuze zonke izici ezibalulekile zibe nempendulo ebhaliwe.

✔ Ukuhlolwa Komkhiqizo Ngaphambi Kokuthenga

Ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo akunakuxoxiswana ngakho. Thumela isaladi yakho yangempela kumswakama kanye nokushisa kwangempela, bese ubonisa ukunemba kokuhlolwa, isivinini, ukubukeka kwephakethe, ubuqotho besivalo, kanye nomonakalo omncane wamaqabunga. Cela idatha yevidiyo kanye nesisindo.

Yiba khona esivivinyweni uma ungakwazi; ngaphandle kwalokho cela ukusakaza bukhoma ukuze ukwazi ukubuka nokubuza imibuzo ngesikhathi sangempela.

✔ Qinisekisa Imininingwane Yomshini

Qinisekisa ubukhulu, imininingwane kagesi, izidingo zomoya ocindezelwe, kanye nokuxhumeka kwezinsiza ngokubhala ngaphambi koku-oda, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi kuyafanelana nesikhungo sakho.

Qinisekisa futhi imininingwane yokucushwa: amakhanda okulinganisa, uhlobo lwebhakede, osayizi beshubhu, imihlathi yokuvala, imininingwane ye-MAP, kanye nezinguqulo zokulawula, njengoba ukulungisa ukungalingani kulula ngaphambi kokwakha.

✔ Hlola Iwaranti Nesevisi Yangemva Kokuthengisa

Yenza iwaranti icace: isikhathi, ukuthi ihlanganisani, ukuthunyelwa kwezingxenye, izinto ezingafakwanga, kanye nanoma yimiphi imibandela yokuthi ubani ohlinzeka ngesevisi emshinini.

Ngale kwewaranti, funda ngezindleko zesevisi nezinkontileka, amanani ezingxenye ezisele kanye neziqinisekiso, imigomo yokusekela ekude, kanye nenqubo yokuvakasha endaweni. Ukusekelwa okuqinile kwangemva kokuthengisa kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi esingahleliwe.

Isiphetho

Ukuthenga umshini wokupakisha isaladi kuwutshalomali olukhulu olubumba ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wakho, ukuphepha kokudla, kanye nokusebenza kahle iminyaka eminingi. Qonda umkhiqizo wakho, khetha uhlobo lomshini olufanele, wahlulele izici zokusebenza ngobuqotho, gcizelela izici zokuhlanzeka kwemikhiqizo emisha, bese ukhetha umhlinzeki onolwazi lwesaladi oluqinisekisiwe kanye nokusekelwa okuqinile. Yenza lokho, futhi imishini izosebenzela ibhizinisi lakho kahle.

FAQ

U: Ngingakwazi yini ukupakisha izinhlobo eziningi zesaladi emshinini ofanayo?

Yebo. Izilawuli ezisekelwe kumaresiphi zigcina amapharamitha ohlobo ngalunye lwesaladi, futhi ukushintshana phakathi kwemikhiqizo efanayo kuthatha imizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-10, noma imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-45 ngokuhlanzwa okugcwele.

U: Iyini isandiso sokuphila kweshelufu esivela kuphakheji ye-MAP?

Isaladi engapakishwanga ihlala izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3 efrijini, kanti i-MAP ene-oxygen eseleyo engaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-2 inweba lokhu kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-7 kuya kwezingu-10 zemifino eluhlaza kanye nezinsuku ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-14 zemifino eqoshiwe, uma nje uchungechunge olubandayo luhlala ku-1 kuya ku-4 degrees C.

U: Ingabe umshini ungaphatha imikhiqizo yesaladi emanzi nebandayo?

Yebo, uma kuchazwe ngesikhathi sokucaphuna. Ukuphathwa okumanzi kudinga amabhakede okulinganisa acwebezelwe ngogesi kanye nohlelo lokulawula olulinganiselwe ukusebenza kwama-degrees Celsius angu-2 kuya kwangu-4.

Q: Yiziphi izinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze kufakwe?

Udinga umoya ohlanzekile nowomile ocindezelwe kubha engu-6 kuya ku-8 (0.5 kuya ku-1.0 m3/min), ukuphakelwa kukagesi okuhambisana ne-spec (ngokuvamile okungu-380V 50Hz noma 220V 60Hz), i-N2 kanye ne-CO2 yezinga lokudla le-MAP, kanye negumbi elibandayo ku-2 kuya ku-4 degrees C.