Isimo samanje sokuthuthukiswa kokupakisha ukudla eShayina

Isimo sokupakisha ukudla eShayina

(A) Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kokupakisha

Umlando wokusetshenziswa kwabantu kokupakisha ungalandelelwa emuva ezikhathini zasendulo. Kusukela ekuqaleni komphakathi wasendulo eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyishumi edlule, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, ukukhiqizwa kwathuthukiswa, kanye nezinto ezisele kumele zibe yindawo yokugcina nokushintshanisa, bese kuqala ukuvela kokupakisha kokuqala. Ekuqaleni, abantu basika i-rattan enlacing yokubamba ngamaqabunga ezitshalo, amagobolondo, izikhumba zezilwane, njengokupakisha, lokhu kuyintuthuko yokuqala yokupakisha yama-embryo. Kamuva ngokuthuthukiswa kwamakhono okusebenza, abantu abane-fiber yezitshalo njengokwenza ubhasikidi wokuqala, ubhasikidi, ukushisa ngomlilo izitsha zamatshe ezenziwe ngobumba, udaka, ukungcola kanye nethangi lodaka, njll., esetshenziselwa ukubamba, ukonga ukudla, iziphuzo nezinye izimpahla, ukwenza umsebenzi wokupakisha ube lula ukuthuthwa, ukugcina kanye nokugcinwa kokuqala kuphelele. Lokhu ukupakisha kwasendulo, okungukuthi, ukupakisha kokuqala.

Cishe ngo-5000 BC, abantu baqala ukungena eNkathini Yethusi. Eminyakeni engu-4000 eyedlule ebukhosini be-xia, amaShayina akwazile ukuncibilikisa ithusi, isikhathi se-chow tai ubuchwepheshe bokuncibilikisa ithusi buthuthuke kakhulu. Isikhathi sasentwasahlobo nesekwindla kanye nesikhathi sezizwe ezilwayo, abantu babeyingcweti yokupenda insimbi yensimbi eqoshiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe besistimu, izitsha zensimbi, isitsha sezinkuni se-lacquer sivele. EGibhithe lasendulo, kwaqala ngo-3000 BC isitsha sengilazi esipheshuliwe. Ngakho-ke, zonke izinhlobo zezitsha zokupakisha ze-ceramic, ingilazi, izinkuni, ukucubungula insimbi kunomlando weminyaka eyinkulungwane, eminingi yayo ubuchwepheshe ngokusebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele, iye yasetshenziswa kuze kube manje.

Ngo-105 AD, ubuciko bokwenza iphepha basungulwa yi-CAI Lun eMpumalanga Han Dynasty. Ngo-610 AD, iChina yasungula iphepha yiKorea eJapane; Yangeniswa eYurophu ngekhulu le-13, iJalimane yakha umshini wokuqala omkhulu wephepha. Ngekhulu le-11, kwaphela ithemba lokuthi umbuso wasenyakatho uzoqeda ukunyathelisa ngomshini ohambayo. Ngekhulu le-15, iYurophu yaqala ukuvela, kwaqala ukunyathelisa izincwadi, ukunyathelisa amaphakheji kanye nokuhlobisa amaphakheji. Ngekhulu le-16 imboni ye-ceramic yaseYurophu yaqala ukuthuthuka; kwakhiwe ifektri yengilazi yase-US, kwakhiqizwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitsha zengilazi. Kuleli qophelo, njenge-ceramic, ingilazi, ukhuni, insimbi njengezinto eziyinhloko embonini yamaphakheji kwaqala ukuthuthuka, amaphakheji endabuko yesimanje aqala ukushintshela emaphaketheni esimanje.