Indlela yokukhetha isikali samakhanda amaningi ngendlela efanele

Umbhali: Smartweigh– Isisindo Sezinhloko Eziningi

I-multihead weigher iyithuluzi lokuguqula amandla abe ugesi elingaguqula amandla abe amasignali kagesi, futhi liyingxenye eyinhloko ye-multihead weigher. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinzwa ezingaqedela ushintsho lwamandla kagesi, ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi uhlobo lwamandla okucindezela ukumelana, uhlobo lwamandla kagesi kanye ne-capacitive sensor. Ukubaluleka kohlobo lwamandla kagesi kagesi ibhalansi yokuhlaziya ye-elekthronikhi, i-capacitor sensor iyingxenye ye-multihead weigher, kanti umshini wesisindo sohlobo lwamandla okucindezela ukumelana uvame ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni eminingi yemishini yesisindo.

Isikali se-resistance strain multihead silula ngesakhiwo, sinembile kakhulu, futhi sinokusebenziseka okubanzi, futhi singasetshenziswa endaweni yemvelo empofu. Ngakho-ke, isikali se-resistance strain multihead sitholakala kusikali se-multihead. Isikali se-resistance strain multihead sakhiwe kakhulu nge-polyurethane elastomer, i-resistance strain gauge kanye ne-compensation power circuit.

I-polyurethane elastomer iyingxenye ecindezelwe ye-multihead weigher, eyenziwe ngensimbi yekhabhoni esezingeni eliphezulu kanye namaphrofayili e-aluminium alloy esezingeni eliphezulu. I-resistance strain gauge yenziwe nge-foil yezinto zensimbi eziqoshwe kuhlobo lwedatha yegridi, kanti ama-resistance strain gauge amane anamatheliswe kwi-polyurethane elastomer ngendlela yesakhiwo sebhuloho. Uma kwenzeka ukungabi namandla, ama-resistor amane esifunda sebhuloho anenani elifanayo, isifunda sebhuloho sisesimweni esilinganiselwe, kanti umphumela u-zero.

Uma i-polyurethane elastomer iguquguquka ngamandla, igeyiji yokumelana nayo iyaguquguquka. Phakathi nenqubo yonke ye-polyurethane elastomer iguquguquka ngamandla futhi igobile, amageyiji amabili okumelana ayaguquguquka, ucingo lwensimbi luyaguquguquka, futhi inani lokumelana liyakhuphuka, kanti amanye amabili ayaguquguquka ngamandla, futhi inani lokumelana liyancipha. Ngale ndlela, isekethe yebhuloho elilinganisiwe ekuqaleni ayilingani, futhi kukhona umehluko we-voltage yokusebenza kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zesekethe yebhuloho. Umehluko we-voltage yokusebenza uhlobene nobukhulu bamandla ku-polyurethane elastomer. Hlola umehluko we-voltage yokusebenza ukuze uthole ubukhulu bamandla enzwa, i-voltage yokusebenza Ngemva kokuthi isignali yedatha ihlolwe futhi ibalwe yiphaneli yezinsimbi, ukuze kusetshenziswe kangcono izilungiselelo zezakhiwo ezahlukene ze-multihead weiger, i-multihead weiger yakhiwe ngezindlela ezahlukene zesakhiwo, futhi igama le-sensor livame ukubizwa nangokuthi ukwakheka kwayo.

Isibonelo, inzwa yochungechunge lwe-stacking (ibhalansi ebalulekile yemoto kagesi), uhlobo lwe-cantilever beam (ibhalansi yomhlaba, isikali sendawo yokugcina impahla, ibhalansi yemoto kagesi), uhlobo lwekholomu (ibhalansi yemoto kagesi, isikali sendawo yokugcina impahla), uhlobo lwemoto (isikali), uhlobo lwe-s (izikali zendawo yokugcina impahla) njll. I-medium yokulinganisa amakhanda amaningi ivame ukufaka ama-sensor ezinhlotsheni eziningi zesakhiwo. Uma inzwa ikhethwe kahle, iyasiza ekuthuthukiseni izici ze-multihead weiger.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemininingwane kanye namamodeli ezikali ze-resistance strain multihead, kusukela kumagremu amaningana kuya kumathani amaningana. Uma ukhetha ububanzi bokulinganisa bekali ye-multihead, kumele kucaciswe ngokuya ngobukhulu bekali ye-multihead esetshenziswa kakhulu. Umthetho wesithupha umi kanje: umthwalo wenzwa ophelele (umthwalo omkhulu ovunyelwe wezinzwa ngazinye x inani lezinzwa) = 1/2~2/3 wesisindo esiphezulu sekali ye-multihead.

Izinga lokunemba kwesisindo samakhanda amaningi lihlukaniswe amazinga amane: a, b, c, kanye no-d. Amamaki ahlukene anemingcele ehlukene yamaphutha. Izinzwa zekilasi A zichazwe ngobuningi.

Inombolo ngemuva kwebanga imele inani lokuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological, lapho idatha inkulu, ikhwalithi yenzwa iba ngcono. Isibonelo, i-C2 isho ibanga le-C, amanani okuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological angu-2000 i-C5 isho ibanga le-C, amanani okuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological angu-5000. Ngokusobala i-C5 iphakeme kune-C2.

Amabanga avamile ezinzwa yi-C3 ne-C5, futhi lawa mabanga amabili ezinzwa angasetshenziswa ukwenza izikali ze-multihead ezinebanga lokunemba elingu-III. Iphutha lesikali se-multihead libangelwa kakhulu yiphutha lesistimu elihlukile, iphutha lokulibala, iphutha lokuphindaphinda, ukuphumula kokucindezeleka, iphutha elengeziwe lokushisa kwephuzu eliyi-zero kanye nephutha elengeziwe lokushisa elilinganisiwe lokukhipha. Izinzwa zedijithali ezivele eminyakeni yamuva nje zifake isekethe yokunikezwa kwamandla okuguqulwa kwe-A/D kanye nesekethe yokunikezwa kwamandla e-CPU ku-sensor. Ukuphuma kwe-sensor akuyona isignali yedatha ye-analog working voltage, kodwa isignali ye-analog yesisindo esiphelele esixazululwa yisisombululo, esinezinzuzo ezilandelayo: 1. Iphaneli yezinsimbi Izimpawu zedatha ze-sensor ngayinye yedijithali zingaqoqwa ngokwehlukana, zibalwe ngokwe-equation eqondile, futhi i-sensor ngayinye ingalinganiswa ngokuzimela, futhi kungenzeka ukulungisa iphutha lamakhona amane ngesikhathi esisodwa liphezulu kakhulu.

Inkinga enkulu kuma-weighers amaningi asebenzisa izinzwa zedijithali neze-analog ukulungiswa kwamaphutha okunamakhona amane, okuvame ukudinga ukulinganiswa okuningi ukuze kucaciswe, isikhathi ngasinye kuhambisa isisindo esijwayelekile esindayo, okuthatha isikhathi futhi kudinga umsebenzi omningi. 2. Ngenxa yokuthi iphaneli yezinsimbi ingathola izimpawu zedatha zazo zonke izinzwa, izinkinga zazo zonke izinzwa zingabonakala kuphaneli yezinsimbi, elula ukuyilungisa. 3. Inzwa yedijithali idlulisela isignali ye-analog ngokusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi esingu-485, futhi ukudluliselwa kukude ngaphandle kokuthinteka.

Susa izinkinga ezinzima nezisengozini zokudluliswa kwesignali ye-pulse. 4. Amaphutha ahlukahlukene enzwa angalungiswa ngokuya nge-microcontroller ngaphakathi kwenzwa yedijithali, ukuze ulwazi lwedatha yenzwa yokukhipha lube lunembile kakhudlwana. Isisindo samakhanda amaningi sibizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi lwesisindo samakhanda amaningi, futhi izici zalo zinquma kakhulu ukunemba nokuthembeka kwesisindo samakhanda amaningi.

Uma uklama isikali samakhanda amaningi, umbuzo wokuthi ungawasebenzisa kanjani ama-sensor uvame ukuhlangatshezwa. Isikali samakhanda amaningi empeleni siyidivayisi eguqula isignali yedatha yekhwalithi ibe umphumela wesiginali kagesi ongalinganiswa ngokunembile. Into yokuqala okufanele uyicabangele lapho usebenzisa i-sensor yindawo ethile yehhovisi lapho i-sensor itholakala khona.

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okufanele kwezinzwa, futhi kuhlobene nokuthi inzwa ingasebenza kahle yini kanye nokunye ukuphepha nokuphila kwenkonzo, kanye nokuthembeka kanye nesici sokuphepha sayo yonke imishini yesisindo. Umonakalo obangelwa yindawo yemvelo kwinzwa unezici ezilandelayo: (1) Indawo yemvelo eshisayo ephezulu ibangela ukuthi inzwa incibilikise izinto zokumboza, ukushisela amabala, kanye nezinguquko zesakhiwo ekucindezelekeni kokushisa kwe-polyurethane elastomer. Izinzwa ezisebenza endaweni yemvelo eshisayo ephezulu zivame ukukhetha izinzwa ezingamelani nokushisa, futhi kumele futhi zengeze ukuvikela ukushisa, ukupholisa amanzi, ukupholisa umoya kanye neminye imishini.

(2) Izingozi zomusi kanye nomswakama emaphutheni okujikeleza okufushane kwezinzwa. Endaweni yemvelo lapha, kufanele kusetshenziswe inzwa engenamoya kakhulu. Izinzwa ezahlukene zinezindlela ezahlukene zokuvala, futhi ukusebenza kokuvala kuhlukile kakhulu.

Ukuvala okuvamile kuhlanganisa ukugcwaliswa kwe-sealant kanye nemishini yemishini yokubopha ishidi lerabha, ukushisela kagesi (umshini wokushisela we-arc, njll. ukushisela i-electron beam) yokuvala ukushisela kanye nokuvala i-nitrogen filling sealing yokupakisha i-vacuum. Kusukela emphumeleni wangempela wokuvala, ukuvala ukushisela kagesi kungcono kakhulu, futhi umthamo wokugcwalisa nokuvala awulungile. Kwinzwa esebenza endaweni yemvelo ehlanzekile neyomile egumbini, ungakhetha inzwa enokuvala okunamathelayo. Kwinzwa esebenza endaweni yemvelo enomswakama ophezulu kanye nentuthu, kumele ukhethe i-pulse shock absorber heat sealing noma i-pulse shock absorber welding sealing, i-vacuum packing inzwa egcwele i-nitrogen.

(3) Endaweni yemvelo enokushisa okuphezulu, njengomswakama, ukubanda, i-asidi kanye ne-alkali, okubangela umonakalo kwi-polyurethane elastomer, ukwehluleka kwe-short-circuit kanye nezinye izingozi ku-sensor, ungqimba lwangaphandle kufanele lukhethwe ukuze kufakwe i-electrostatic spray noma i-stainless steel plate cover, enokumelana okuhle nokugqwala kanye nokusebenza okuhle kokuvala. (4) Ukulimala kwensimu yamagnetic kusignali yedatha engasebenzi kahle ye-sensor. Kulokhu, impahla yokuvikela ye-sensor yesisombululo ihlolwa ngokuqinile ukuze kubonakale ukuthi inamandla okuzivikela kagesi.

(5) Ukuvutha, ukusha, kanye nokuqhuma akugcini nje ngokubangela izingozi ezithuthukisiwe kuma-sensor, kodwa futhi kuletha izinsongo ezinkulu kwezinye izinto zokusebenza kanye nokuphepha kokuphila. Ngakho-ke, ama-sensor asebenza ezindaweni zemvelo ezisha, ezisha, neziqhumayo acacisa ngokucacile izici zohlobo olungenakuqhuma: ama-sensor angenakuqhuma kumele asetshenziswe ezindaweni zemvelo ezisha, ezisha, neziqhumayo. Isembozo sokuvala salolu hlobo lwe-sensor akufanele sicabangele ukuqina kuphela, kodwa futhi sicabangele ngokugcwele amandla okucindezela ohlobo olungenakuqhuma kanye nohlobo olungenamswakama, olungangeni manzi nolungaqhumiyo lwe-cable outlet.

Okwesibili, ukukhethwa kwenani eliphelele lezinzwa kanye nobubanzi bokulinganisa: ukukhethwa kwenani eliphelele lezinzwa kuncike enjongweni eyinhloko yesikali samakhanda amaningi, izinga lamaphuzu asekelayo omzimba wesikali (inani lamaphuzu asekelayo kumele lisekelwe endaweni ephakathi kwamandla adonsela phansi yejiyometri yomzimba wesikali esidlulanayo kanye nokulinganisa kwendawo ephakathi nendawo ethile yamandla adonsela phansi). Ngokuvamile, ezinye izisekelo zesikali zisebenzisa ezinye izinzwa, kodwa izikali ezihlukile njengezikali ze-elekthronikhi zikhetha inzwa eyodwa kuphela, kanti ezinye izikali zokuhlanganisa ubunjiniyela be-electromechanical kufanele zisebenzise ngokusobala inani lezinzwa ngokwesimo esithile. Ukukhethwa kobubanzi bokulinganisa benzwa kungahlolwa ngokwezici ezifana nosayizi wesikali, inani lezinzwa, isisindo sesikali ngokwaso, kanye nesisindo esikhulu samasondo kanye nomthwalo okungenzeka.

Ngokuvamile, uma ibanga lokulinganisa lenzwa lisondelene nomthwalo wenzwa ngayinye, kulapho ukunemba kwesisindo kukhuphuka khona. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ngaphezu kokubizwa ngokuthi izinto, kukhona nesisindo sesikali ngokwaso, isisindo se-tare, isisindo sesondo kanye nokushaqeka kokudlidliza. Ngakho-ke, uma usebenzisa ibanga lokulinganisa lenzwa, kufanele kucatshangelwe izinto eziningi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenzwa.

Indlela yokubala yobubanzi bokulinganisa benzwa icacisiwe ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuningi ngemuva kokubheka izakhi ezahlukahlukene ezibeka umzimba wesikali engozini. Ifomula ibalwa kanje: C=K-0K-1K-2K-3(Wmax+W)/N. C- Ububanzi obulinganisiwe benzwa ngayinye W- Isisindo sesikali ngokwaso Wmax- Ibizwa ngokuthi inani eliphakeme kakhulu lesisindo esiphelele sento N- Inani eliphelele lama-fulcrum akhethwe yisilinganiso K-0- Inkomba yomshuwalense wezohwebo, ngokuvamile i-1.2~1.3 K-1- yenkomba ye-Shock ephakathi K-2-scale gravity center point offset index K-3-air pressure index.

Isibonelo, esikalini sephansi se-elekthronikhi esingu-30t, isisindo esiphezulu singama-30t, isisindo sesikali ngokwaso singama-1.9t, kukhethwa izinzwa ezine, futhi ngokwesimo esithile ngaleso sikhathi, kukhethwa inkomba yomshuwalense wezohwebo K-0=1.25, inkomba yomthelela K-1=1.18, kanye nesikhungo samandla adonsela phansi. Inkomba yokuphambuka kwamaphuzu K-2-=1.03, inkomba yomfutho womoya K-3=1.02 Isixazululo: Ngokwendlela yokubala yobubanzi bokulinganisa inzwa: c=K-0K-1K-2K-3(Wmax+W)/N. c=1.25×1.18×1.03×1.02×(30+1.9)/4=12.36t. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi bokulinganisa benzwa buyi-15t (umthamo wokulayisha wenzwa ngokuvamile u-10T, 15T, 20t, 25t, 30t, 40t, 50t, njll., ngaphandle kokuthi kuyindlela yokwenza ngokwezifiso ehlukile).

Ngokwesipiliyoni somsebenzi, umsebenzi womshini wesisindo ngokuvamile ungaphakathi kwebanga lokulinganisa elingu-30% ~ 70%, kodwa umshini wesisindo onethonya elikhulu kuyo yonke inqubo yokufaka, njengebhalansi yethrekhi eguquguqukayo, ibhalansi yemoto kagesi eguquguqukayo, isikali sepuleti lensimbi engagqwali, njll. , Uma usebenzisa inzwa, ngokuvamile yandisa ibanga layo lokulinganisa, ukuze inzwa isebenze ngaphakathi kuka-20% kuya ku-30% webanga layo lokulinganisa. Futhi, izinkambu zokufaka zezinzwa ezahlukahlukene kumele zicatshangelwe. Isihluthulelo sokukhetha ifomu lenzwa uhlobo lwesisindo kanye nokubekwa kwendawo yangaphakathi, ukuqinisekisa ukusethwa okufanele, isisindo sithembekile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izincomo zomenzi kumele zicatshangelwe. Abakhiqizi ngokuvamile badinga insimu yesicelo senzwa ngokuya ngokukhuthazela kwenzwa, amapharamitha okusebenza, indlela yokufaka, ifomu lesakhiwo, izinto ze-polyurethane elastomer nezinye izici Izinzwa ze-beam zifanelekela izinzwa zokuqongelela insimbi kanye nokukhishwa kweketanga njengezikali zezinto, izikali zebhande le-elekthronikhi, kanye nezikali zokuhlola.

Ekugcineni, izinga lokunemba kwenzwa kumele likhethwe. Izinga lokunemba kwenzwa lifaka phakathi ukungalingani kwenzwa, ukuphumula kokucindezeleka, ukulungiswa kokuphumula kokucindezeleka, ukubambezeleka, ukuphindaphinda, ukuzwela kanye nezinye izinkomba zokusebenza. Uma usebenzisa inzwa, akuzona nje kuphela imithethonqubo yokunemba yokubizwa kwe-elekthronikhi, kodwa futhi nezindleko zayo kumele zicatshangelwe.

Ukukhethwa kwamazinga ezinzwa kumele kucabangele lezi zindlela ezimbili ezilandelayo 1. Cabanga ngemibandela yokufaka iphaneli yezinsimbi. Isibonakaliso sokukala sibonisa umphumela wokulinganisa ulwazi ngemuva kokuba isignali yedatha yokukhipha yesisindo samakhanda amaningi isikhule futhi ukuguqulwa kwe-A/D kuxazululiwe. Ngakho-ke, isignali yedatha yokukhipha yesisindo samakhanda amaningi kumele ibe nkulu kunosayizi wesimo sokufaka ochazwe yiphaneli yezinsimbi. Ukuzwela kokukhipha kwesisindo samakhanda amaningi kulethwa kufomula yokufanisa phakathi kwenzwa nephaneli yezinsimbi, futhi umphumela wokubala kumele ube mkhulu kunokuzwela kokufaka okuchazwe yiphaneli yezinsimbi.

Ifomula yokufanisa yesisindo samakhanda amaningi kanye nephaneli yezinsimbi: ukuzwela kokukhipha kwemitha yesisindo * i-voltage yokunikezwa kwamandla okukhuthaza * usayizi wesikali, izinga le-myopia yemitha yesisindo * inani lezinzwa * ububanzi bokulinganisa benzwa. Isibonelo, umshini wokupakisha olinganiselayo onesisindo esingu-25kg kanye nesikali esine-myopia enkulu yebanga lokulinganisa elingu-1000 khetha izinzwa ezintathu ze-L-BE-25 ezinobubanzi bokulinganisa obungu-25kg kanye nokuzwela okungu-2.0±0.008mV/V, khetha iphaneli yezinsimbi ye-AD4325 yezikali ezinengcindezi yokusebenza kagesi ye-12V. Ibuza ukuthi inzwa ekhethiwe kufanele ihlanganiswe nedeshibhodi.

Isixazululo: Ukuzwela kokufaka kwephaneli yezinsimbi ye-AD4325 kungu-0.6μV/d, ngakho-ke ngokwefomula ehambisanayo phakathi kwesisindo samakhanda amaningi kanye nephaneli yezinsimbi, isignali yedatha yokufaka ethile yephaneli yezinsimbi ingu-2×12×25/1000×3×25=8μV/d>0.6μV/d. Ngakho-ke, isisindo samakhanda amaningi esikhethiwe singacabangela ukulawulwa kokuzwela kokufaka kwephaneli yezinsimbi, okungahlanganiswa nokukhethwa kwephaneli yezinsimbi. 2. Cabanga ngemithethonqubo yokunemba kwezihloko ze-elekthronikhi.

Ukumelwa kwe-elekthronikhi kwakhiwe kakhulu izingxenye ezintathu: isikali, inzwa kanye nephaneli yezinsimbi. Uma ukhetha ukunemba kwesikali samakhanda amaningi, ukunemba kwesikali samakhanda amaningi kuphakeme kancane kunenani elibalwe lenkolelo-mbono eyisisekelo. Inkolelo-mbono eyisisekelo ivame ukulinganiselwa yizizathu eziqondile, njengezikali. Amandla okucindezela esikali aphansi kancane, izici zephaneli yezinsimbi zinhle kakhulu, indawo yehhovisi yesikali iphakeme kakhulu nezinye izici.

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