Mai sarrafa nauyi don mai auna kai da yawa

Mawallafi: Smartweigh– Nauyin Kai Mai Yawa

1. Sigogi na fasaha na na'urar auna nauyi ga na'urar auna nauyi mai yawa Na'urar auna nauyi mai yawa tsarin auna nauyi ne da aka saba amfani da shi a yanar gizo, wanda galibi ya ƙunshi na'urar auna bel, mai ɗaukar kaya, kayan tantancewa, mai sarrafa nauyi, kayan aiki na musamman da sauran kayan aiki, tare da ganowa ta atomatik, tabbatar da aunawa mai ƙarfi da sauran halaye. A lokacin aiki, ba tare da sarrafa hannu ba, na'urar auna bel za ta aika da kayan da aka yi amfani da su ta atomatik zuwa ga mai ɗaukar kaya, bisa ga abubuwan dubawa guda biyu a ɓangarorin biyu na dandamalin auna nauyi don bambanta matsayin kayan da za a auna, kuma a saita su a gaba bisa ga kayan aikin saitawa. Kyakkyawan kewayon nauyi mai ƙarfi don gudanar da tantancewa. Domin a ci gaba da auna kayan da aka yi amfani da su a kan sikelin bisa ga saurin na'urar aunawa, an ƙayyade cewa kwamitin kula da nauyi ya kamata ya zama mai sauri, daidai kuma abin dogaro.

Ana amfani da na'urar auna nauyi don sarrafa na'urar auna nauyi mai yawa a kan ƙungiyar matsin lamba a cikin filin roba mai lalacewa. Ya ƙunshi tsarin sarrafawa ta atomatik wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan kwamfutoci 51 masu guntu ɗaya, na'urar ƙara ƙarfin lantarki, na'urar saitawa, fitilar nuna sakamakon tantancewa, na'urar ƙirga lantarki, na'urar kwafi, na'urar samar da wutar lantarki mai sauyawa, da makamantansu. Tsarin ƙa'idarsa ta asali an nuna shi a Hoto na 1.

Mai ƙara girman siginar bayanai ta matakin millivolt ta hanyar na'urar firikwensin matsin lamba na aiki, tana mayar da ita zuwa siginar bambanci, sannan ta aika ta zuwa tsarin sarrafa guntu ɗaya na CS-51 don sarrafa bayanai. Ana kwatanta kewayon nauyin da aka saita, kuma sakamakon kwatantawa ya dogara ne akan buɗewa da fita daga fitilar nuni don nuna bayanai, ƙirga na lantarki don ƙidaya, da kuma fara kwafi don yin rikodin bayanan samarwa. Mai sarrafa aunawa yana da yanayi biyu na aiki: aiki da daidaitawa. Lokacin da aka zaɓi hanyar daidaitawa, zai shigar da bayanan da ba su canzawa kuma ya nuna bayanan yadda ya kamata.

A wannan lokacin, sanya abin da za a auna a kan dandamalin auna nauyi, allon sarrafawa zai nuna nauyin abin da za a auna, kuma za a iya daidaita sikelin. Lokacin da aka zaɓi hanyar aiki, mai sarrafa auna nauyi zai shiga aikin auna nauyi da tantancewa mai ƙarfi. A wannan lokacin, mai sarrafa auna nauyi zai duba siginar bayanai na gani na sassan da za a auna a ɓangarorin biyu na dandamalin auna nauyi, ya gano sassan tattaka, kuma ya gudanar da ayyukan auna nauyi da tantancewa masu ƙarfi.

A ƙasata, masu sarrafa auna nauyi da ake amfani da su don na'urorin auna nauyi da yawa galibi kayayyaki ne da aka shigo da su daga ƙasashen waje, kuma yawancin samfuran da aka ƙera kuma aka ƙera a China an samo su ne daga nunin auna nauyi na gabaɗaya. Ana shigar da nau'in tantance nauyin da aka ƙera ta hanyar madannai. Lokacin da komai ke aiki yadda ya kamata, ainihin ma'aikatan aiki ba za su iya ganin ƙimar da aka saita ba, hoton ba shi da kyau, kuma daidaitawar ba ta da sauƙi. Mai sarrafa auna nauyi da muka ƙirƙira kuma muka tsara yana kwaikwayon samfuran ƙasashen waje, kuma an saita maɓallan DIP guda huɗu masu matsayi huɗu akan allon sarrafawa na allon sarrafawa don saita kewayon tantance nauyin da aka ƙera. Ana iya raba maɓallan DIP guda huɗu zuwa nau'ikan nauyi guda biyar bisa ga fasahar sarrafawa (duba Hoto na 2).

Lambobi biyu na farko na bayanan lambobi huɗu suna wakiltar adadin lamba, kuma lambobi biyu na ƙarshe suna wakiltar adadi na goma. A duk lokacin aikin aunawa da tantancewa mai ƙarfi, ana iya daidaita ƙimar da aka saita a kowane lokaci da ko'ina. Saita fitilun nuni da ƙirgawa masu dacewa don kowane nauyin raga akan allon sarrafawa.

Ma'aikatan da ke aiki na ainihi za su iya daidaita matsin lamba na shigarwar fitar da takalmi nan take bisa ga nazarin yanayin nauyin takalmi da aka nuna ta hanyar kuskuren sama da na ƙasa don sarrafa nauyin takalmi. Ta wannan hanyar, yana da matuƙar gani kuma yana da sauƙin gani. Kowanne daga cikin rajista shida masu lambobi shida yana da bayanan bayanai kamar kyakkyawan aunawa, kuskuren sama, kuskuren ƙasa, karkacewar sama, ƙarancin karkacewar ƙasa, ƙarar samarwa (gami da kuskure mai kyau, kuskuren sama, da kuskuren ƙasa).

An sanye shi da na'urar kwafi don kwafi bayanai da bayanai kamar fitowar haihuwa, wanda ya dace da gudanar da bitar samarwa. Ga samfuran da ba su cancanta ba waɗanda ke da karkacewar sama da karkacewar ƙasa, za a kunna kayan aikin tantancewa ta atomatik don cire su, kuma ƙararrawa za ta yi sauti don tunatar da ma'aikatan aiki na gaske su kula. Mai sarrafa aunawa ba wai kawai yana da ayyukan auna sauti mai motsi da aikin tantancewa ba, har ma yana da ayyukan bin diddigin sifili ta atomatik, barewa, da share sifili, da sauransu. Mita ce mai cikakken daidaito ta duniya.

Mahimman sigogin aikinta sune:. Allon nuni: bututun nuni na dijital na LED mai lambobi huɗu mai sassa bakwai. Ƙudurin allon nuni: sama da miliyan 300. Na'urar firikwensin tana ƙarfafa sauya wutar lantarki: DC15V. Haɗin firinta ɗaya mai 16. Zafin aiki: ɗaya 10-40 ℃. Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki yana sauya wutar lantarki: AC380VsoHz Na biyu, haɓaka software Manhajar wayar hannu ta duk software na tsarin an raba ta zuwa aikin bango da kwararar shirin karɓa. Abubuwan da ba su da amfani sosai, kamar kwafi, hanyoyin sarrafa bayanai, da tantance nauyi da gano su, an ware su ga aikin sarrafa bango; yayin da abubuwan da suka fi amfani don tattarawa, aiwatar da lokaci, da sauransu, an ware su ga mai karɓar baƙi. Haɓaka software ɗin yana ɗaukar tsarin ƙira na zamani, wanda aka raba zuwa sassa da yawa na shirye-shirye bisa ga ayyukan yau da kullun, wanda ke da amfani don daidaitawa, faɗaɗawa da dasawa.

An nuna zane mai sauƙi na tsarin tushen a cikin Hoto na 3. Domin gudanar da auna bayanai masu tsauri da tantancewa da aunawa, kwararar shirin galibi tana gudanar da bincike mai aiki da ƙirar hana tsangwama. Kowanne an bayyana shi a ƙasa.

1. Binciken Aiki Binciken aiki na manhajar wayar hannu galibi shine tsara nau'ikan shirye-shirye daban-daban, kuma bisa ga wannan manhajar, yana gudanar da ayyuka daban-daban na yau da kullun. A cikin wannan tsarin shirin, manyan ayyukan da manhajar wayar hannu ke gudanarwa na iya zama:. Bin diddigin sifili ta atomatik;. Barewa;.. Daidaita sifili;. Tattara bayanai; Aiwatar da lokaci;. Maɓallin karantawa da saitawa;. Canza aiki/dubawa;. Kwafi;. Buɗe ƙimar bayanan da aka nuna a ƙarƙashin hanyar aiki;. A ƙarƙashin kula da shirin sa ido kan tsarin, wannan manhajar shirin tana yin auna bayanai marasa motsi ko tantancewa da aunawa bisa ga tsarin aiwatarwa da aka riga aka tsara.

2. Tsarin ƙira na hana tsangwama Saboda na'urar auna nauyi mai yawa tana aiki a yanayin halitta na samar da masana'antu, akwai tasiri daban-daban a wurin, wanda ke kawo cikas ga aikin yau da kullun na sikelin. Saboda haka, baya ga tsarin hardware na hana tsangwama, tsarin hana tsangwama na wayar hannu a matsayin kariya ta biyu shima yana da matukar mahimmanci kuma ba makawa. Ya kamata software na tsarin sauti ba wai kawai ya gudanar da bincike mai aiki ba, har ma ya gudanar da tsarin ƙira na hana tsangwama don inganta amincin software na tsarin.

Manhajar tsarin tana zaɓar waɗannan matakan kariya guda biyu na hana tsangwama ga manhajar wayar hannu: (1) Tsangwama ta hanyar lantarki ta hana tsangwama ta hanyar tashar aminci ta I/O ta analog galibi tana kama da burr, kuma lokacin tasirin yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci. Dangane da wannan halayyar, lokacin tattara siginar bayanai na nauyi, ana iya tattara ta akai-akai na tsawon lokaci, har sai sakamakon tarin bayanai guda biyu sun kasance iri ɗaya, siginar bayanai ta dace. Idan siginar bayanai ba ta daidaita ba bayan tarin bayanai da yawa, za a yi watsi da tarin siginar bayanai na yanzu.

Ana iya daidaita iyakar mitar kowace tarin da kuma mitar iri ɗaya mai ci gaba bisa ga takamaiman buƙatu. Matsakaicin adadin da aka tattara a cikin wannan kwararar shirin sau 4 ne, kuma sau 2 a jere suma tarin abubuwa ne masu ma'ana. Ga hanyar aminci ta fitarwa, koda kuwa an tsara MCU don samun bayanan bayanai masu dacewa, na'urar fitarwa na iya samun bayanan bayanai marasa daidai saboda tasirin waje.

A kan manhajar wayar hannu, wani tsari mafi dacewa na hana tsangwama shine a fitar da bayanai iri ɗaya akai-akai. Lokacin zagayowar maimaitawa yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci, don haka bayan karɓar rahoton kuskuren da ya shafa, na'urar da ke kewaye ba za ta iya yin amsa mai ma'ana a kan lokaci ba, kuma bayanan fitarwa masu dacewa sun sake dawowa. Ta wannan hanyar, ana guje wa yanayin da bai dace ba nan da nan.

A cikin wannan kwararar shirin, ana sanya fitarwa a cikin katsewar aiwatar da lokaci, wanda zai iya guje wa aikin kuskuren fitarwa da kyau. (2) Tacewar dijital tana nufin siginar bayanai na nauyin da aka tattara, wanda galibi yana da tasiri na bazuwar, don haka ya zama dole a sami bayanan bayanai kusa da ainihin ƙimar ma'anar daga samfuran jerin bayanai, kuma a sami sakamako mai babban inganci. A cikin software na wayar hannu, hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita ita ce tace dijital.

An raba wannan tsarin aiki zuwa ma'aunin bayanai marasa motsi da kuma ma'aunin tantancewa mai motsi. Saboda hanyoyin aunawa daban-daban, hanyoyin tacewa na dijital da aka zaɓa suma sun bambanta. Hanyoyin tacewa na dijital daban-daban da hanyoyin aunawa guda biyu suka ɗauka an nuna su a ƙasa.

¹Tsayawan auna bayanai: Babban abin da ake la'akari da shi wajen auna bayanai a tsaye shine aminci da daidaiton manhajar tsarin. Ya zama dole a yi la'akari da daidaiton bayanan da aka nuna a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai karko da kuma saurin amsawa yayin lodawa. Saboda haka, ya kamata a fara gano amincin bayanan da aka tattara, sannan a aiwatar da mafita ta tace bayanai ta dijital.

A cikin tsarin tsarin tacewa ta dijital, ana zaɓar dabarar tace matsakaicin motsi don inganta ainihin tasirin tacewa. Takamaiman hanyar ita ce kamar haka: duk lokacin da aka ɗauki samfur, ana cire ɗaya daga cikin bayanan farko, sannan ana haɗa ƙimar samfurin wannan lokacin da ƙimar samfurin lokutan da suka gabata tare, kuma ana iya isar da ƙimar samfurin da aka samu mai ma'ana don amfani. Saboda haka, wannan yana inganta amfani da software na tsarin.

Zaɓin mizanin samfurin N yana da babban illa ga ainihin tasirin tacewa. Girman N shine, mafi kyawun tasirin gaske, amma zai haifar da haɗarin amsawar tsarin mai ƙarfi. A cikin wannan na'urar auna nauyi, don inganta amincin software na tsarin da ikon amsawa da sauri, N shine 32 lokacin da yake da karko, da kuma 8 lokacin da yake da karko.

Saboda zaɓar hanyar tacewa mai ma'ana, an ƙara inganta aminci da daidaiton software na tsarin da lokacin amsawar lodinsa.ºTsarin tantancewa da aunawa: A cikin tantancewa da aunawa mai ƙarfi, hanyar tana dogara da sauri akan dandamalin aunawa. Tattara tana kan sikelin cikin daƙiƙa 1.5, don haka dole ne a yi samfurin cikin daƙiƙa 1.

Ta wannan hanyar, yawan samfurin yana da iyaka. Bugu da ƙari, saboda abin da za a yi amfani da shi zai haifar da wani girgiza idan aka daidaita shi da sauri zuwa dandamalin aunawa, zai shafi ƙimar samfurin. Saboda haka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a yi la'akari da wane bayani ne ya dace da kuma irin fasahar tacewa ta dijital da aka zaɓa don rage tasirin babban daidaituwa na tsangwama na lantarki.

Bisa ga takamaiman lura, an nuna tsarin siginar auna bayanai na na'urar auna bayanai ta na'urar auna bayanai ta multihead a cikin Hoto na 5. A cikin hoton, daga isowar na'urar auna bayanai zuwa dandamalin auna bayanai har zuwa lokacin da ya tashi an raba shi zuwa hanyoyi uku: mataki na farko shine lokaci t, sashi, wanda shine dukkan tsari daga isowar na'urar auna bayanai zuwa dandamalin auna bayanai har sai ya kasance gaba daya akan dandamalin auna bayanai. Siginar bayanan nauyi ta na'urar auna bayanai tana nan. Mataki na biyu shine mataki na tara, na'urar auna bayanai ta na'urar auna bayanai gaba daya, kuma wannan lokacin shine matakin auna bayanai; mataki na uku shine lokaci t. Kashi shine dukkan tsari da na'urar auna bayanai ta ...

A farkon da ƙarshen sassan aunawa tara, siginar bayanai ta aunawa tana fuskantar sakamako mai ƙarfi. A ɓangaren dutse, wato, lokacin da takaddar take tsakiyar dandamalin aunawa, siginar bayanai ta aunawa tana da ƙarfi sosai. Saboda haka, ya fi kyau a zaɓi bayanan bayanai na lokacin Δt.

Yi amfani da ma'aunin da aka sanya don tafiya zuwa ƙarshen maɓallin lantarki don fara mai sarrafa aunawa don karɓar bayanan bayanai na samfurin da ke canzawa, da kuma samfurin a cikin lokacin dutsen. Mitar samfurin N tana da alaƙa da ƙimar samfurin. Da sauri saurin samfurin, mafi girman mitar da aka tattara N. Shigar da maɓallin lantarki dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa bayanan gani da aka tattara sune bayanan bayanai lokacin da abin da za a auna yana cikin birnin Weitaishan.

Ga bayanan N da aka tattara, duk suna da ɓangarori daban-daban na tasiri, don haka ya zama dole a zaɓi hanyar tacewa mai ma'ana don samun ainihin ƙimar nauyin raga. Wannan tsari yana zaɓar fasahar tacewa mai haɗaka, wato, ana haɗa hanyoyin tacewa na dijital guda biyu ko fiye, wanda bai isa ya dace da juna ba, don inganta ainihin tasirin tacewa, don cimma ainihin tasirin da ba za a iya cimmawa ta hanyar tacewa ɗaya kawai ba. A nan, an zaɓi hanyar tacewa wadda ta haɗa hanyar tacewa mafi girma da hanyar tacewa ta lissafi.

Tacewar De-maxima da farko tana cire ƙimar tasirin bugun jini guda ɗaya, kuma ba ta yin rajista don lissafin ƙimar matsakaici, don haka ƙimar fitarwa ta matsakaicin tacewa ta fi kusa da ƙimar gaske. Babban ƙa'idar algorithm na ingantawa ita ce kamar haka: ci gaba da yin samfurin sau N, tarawa da neman rahama, da nemo mafi girma da mafi ƙarancin ƙima a ciki, sannan a cire mafi girma da mafi ƙarancin ƙima daga tarin da tsaye, sannan a lissafta bisa ga ƙimar samfurin N ɗaya ko biyu. ma'ana, wato, don samun ƙimar samfurin da ta dace. An nuna jadawalin kwararar tsarin tace mahaɗi a cikin zane-zanen yanayin waveform na siginar bayanai na aunawa a Hoto na 5. Daga isowar tattakin zuwa dandamalin aunawa har zuwa tashi, an raba shi zuwa hanyoyin haɗi uku: mataki na farko shine lokaci t, sashe, wanda shine lokacin da tattakin ya isa sikelin. Duk tsarin daga dandamali har sai ya kasance gaba ɗaya akan dandamalin sikelin, siginar bayanai na nauyi mai yawa tana tashi a hankali a wannan lokacin; mataki na biyu shine lokacin lokaci tara, tattakin yana kan dandamalin sikelin gaba ɗaya, wannan lokacin shine sashin aunawa; mataki na uku Wannan shine lokaci t.

Sashen shine dukkan tsarin da tattakin ke barin dandamalin auna nauyi, kuma siginar bayanai na nauyin da aka tara a hankali tana raguwa zuwa sifili a wannan lokacin. A farkon da ƙarshen sassan auna nauyi tara, siginar bayanai na auna nauyi tana fuskantar tasirin da ya fi yawa. A ɓangaren dutse, wato, lokacin da tattakin yake tsakiyar dandamalin auna nauyi, siginar bayanai na auna nauyi tana da ƙarfi sosai.

Saboda haka, ya fi kyau a zaɓi bayanan bayanai na lokacin Δt. Yi amfani da sikelin da aka sanya don tafiya zuwa ƙarshen maɓallin lantarki don fara mai sarrafa aunawa don karɓar bayanan bayanai na samfurin da ke canzawa, da kuma samfurin a cikin lokacin dutsen. Mitar samfurin N tana da alaƙa da ƙimar samfurin. Da sauri saurin samfurin, mafi girman mitar da aka tattara N.

Shigar da makullin lantarki dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa ma'aunin lissafi na ƙimar da aka tattara a cikin dabarar da N shine ma'aunin lissafi na ƙimar samfuri 2; w shine ƙimar samfurin i-th; N shine mitar samfurin. Domin sauƙaƙe lissafi, ana zaɓar mitar samfurin gabaɗaya azaman 6, 10, 18 kamar 2 zuwa ƙarfin adadin lamba na 2 da 2, wanda ya dace don amfani da shift maimakon rarrabawa. A cikin wannan kwararar shirin, ana zaɓar mafita yayin ɗaukar samfur, don haka babu buƙatar haɓaka yankin ajiyar bayanan bayanai a cikin mai mulki AM.

Bayan tacewa ta dijital, ana samun ƙimar W, sannan ana gudanar da hanyoyin sarrafa bayanai kamar barewa da kuma canza kurakurai na matsakaici don samun ƙimar nauyin takalmi don bayanai na nunawa, ganewa da kwafi. Bayan makullin photoelectric na biyu ya gano cewa takalmi ya bar dandamalin aunawa gaba ɗaya, fara mai haɗa sifili, zaɓi babban samfurin samfurin kuma ja fasahar tacewa ta matsakaici, sannan a cire takalmi ta atomatik, don shirya don isowar takalmi na gaba. Karɓi shiri a gaba. 3. Kammalawa Mai sarrafa aunawa yana da ayyuka masu kyau da ƙarfi na hana tsangwama. Ba wai kawai ya dace da aikin tantance takalmi a fagen roba mai laushi ba, har ma ya dace da aikin nau'ikan masu auna kai daban-daban kamar ƙwai, tsabar kuɗi, dabbobi, da layukan samar da masana'antu.

A wannan matakin, na'urar auna nauyi mai yawa da wasu masana'antun suka gabatar a ƙasarmu ta shafe sama da shekaru goma tana amfani da ita. Wasu na'urorin auna nauyi ba za su iya aiki yadda ya kamata ba, kuma suna buƙatar maye gurbinsu cikin gaggawa. Bugu da ƙari, akwai kuma wasu masana'antun da har yanzu suna amfani da na'urar auna nauyi mai yawa irin ta pedal, wadda ba za a iya ɗaukar ta a matsayin dole ba don samarwa da ƙera ta. Saboda haka, na'urar auna nauyi tana da matuƙar amfani wajen tallata tallace-tallace a yau.

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