Isimo samanje sokupakisha ukudla

Imboni yokupakisha njengohlelo lwemboni oluzimele, ibhalwe njengohlelo lokuthuthukiswa kukazwelonke okokuqala ngqa; Iminyaka emihlanu nakulo lonke; Ukuthuthukiswa okuhleliwe kokukhiqiza kubekwa phambili: imboni yokupakisha ukuze kusheshiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini emisha yokupakisha ethuthukisiwe, izinto zokupakisha kanye nemikhiqizo yokupakisha ephezulu.

ngokusho kwenhlangano yezimboni zokupakisha yaseShayina, ngokusho kwedatha evela ekuthengisweni kwezimpahla emhlabeni wonke okungu-500 billion ~ 600 billion dollars ngonyaka, okubalwa umkhiqizo kazwelonke (i-GNP) ongu-1.5% ~ 2.2%. Ngokuvamile imboni yokupakisha yamazwe athuthukile embonini yasekhaya ingeyama-9 noma ayi-10,

embonini yokupakisha yamazwe asathuthuka kanye nesilinganiso sokukhula kwaminyaka yonke semikhiqizo engaphezu kuka-10%. Ngo-2014, imakethe yokupakisha yomhlaba wonke izokwenyuka isuka ku-$429 billion ngo-2009 iye ku-$530 billion, isivinini sayo sokukhula sizoba phezulu kakhulu kunokukhula komnotho womhlaba wonke.

Imboni yokupakisha yaseShayina ithuthuka ngokushesha, umkhiqizo wezimboni ufinyelele kuma-yuan ayizigidigidi ezingama-250, kusukela ngo-2003 ngo-2010 kuya cishe kuma-yuan ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.2, izinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiwe elingu-21%. Ngenxa yokushintshela embonini yokupakisha emhlabeni wonke e-Asia,

Ukudluliselwa eShayina, ikakhulukazi, eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu ezayo, ukukhula komkhiqizo wokupakisha eShayina kuzoshesha, izinga lokukhula lonyaka lingaphezu kuka-21%, lizohlala ngemuva kokuba i-United States, umkhiqizi wesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni wemikhiqizo yokupakisha, kulindeleke ukuthi idlule i-United States. Ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha ukudla buhambisana nentuthuko yesayensi nobuchwepheshe, isidingo semakethe, ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha zokupakisha kanye nokwakheka kancane kancane kanye nentuthuko, ikakhulukazi ukuxazulula izinkinga ezintathu ekupakisheni kokudla: eyodwa iwukukhetha izimo ezifanele zokupakisha ukudla, ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokugcina ukudla; ​​Okwesibili ukukhetha izinto zokupakisha ezifanele, ukudla ngemuva kokuphuma efektri, kungamelana nokuthuthwa, ukugcinwa, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokuthengiswa kwengxenye ngayinye; 3 isetshenziswa ezintweni zokupakisha ukudla kanye nendlela yobuchwepheshe, ingenza ibhizinisi lithole inzuzo emnothweni.

Imboni yokudla ingenye yezimboni zendabuko, imikhiqizo yayo iyizinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ngenxa yalokho, ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha ukudla obuhambisanayo buye badlula kimi. Kodwa ukuze kwakhiwe iphakheji yokudla elizimele, inqubo eyisisekelo yobuchwepheshe nezinyathelo kuyahambisana.

Sibeka ifomu elizimele lokupakisha ukudla ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo kanye nendlela ebizwa ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha ukudla be-gm, ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa: ukugcwalisa ukudla, ubuchwepheshe bokugcwalisa kanye nendlela, njll. Ukuze sithuthukise ikhwalithi yokupakisha ukudla futhi sandise isikhathi sokugcina,

ekupakisheni kokudla ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile futhi kancane kancane kwakheka ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile obuhlanganisa ukupakisha ukudla okungangeni umswakama, ukupakisha nge-vacuum, ukupakisha okufuthwayo, ukupakisha kanye nokupakisha okungenamagciwane, njll.