Te whakapai tonu i te hangarau ine-ira - te whakahekenga ngako rerekē [te pauna maha-upoko]

Kaituhi: Smartweigh– Taumaha Upoko Maha

Mā te whakakotahi i ngā tau maha o ngā mahi whaihua i roto i te mahi, kua whakahaerehia e te ētita he rangahau pūtaiao whānui me te hohonu mō te pauna hihiri me te manatoko ine inenga o ngā whenua rerekē o te ao, ā, kua whakatakoto mārama i tētahi otinga mō te whakapai ake i te tika o te manatoko inenga o ngā mīhini whakaranu hurihuri. Ko te āhua o nāianei o te tikanga ine me te manatoko o ngā mīhini whakaoho hurihuri. 1.1 Ko te tikanga kounga hurihuri te tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana.

He maha ngā huarahi hei ine me te manatoko i ngā rauemi pereti mō ngā rauemi whakapaipai whare, te witi, te hinu, te kai, te keri, me ētahi atu, te whakahaere rānei i ngā mea kakara i runga ipurangi. Ko ngā mea tino noa ko: ngā tauine whitiki hiko, ngā mita rere pereti horoi, ngā tauine karihi, me ngā tauine rauemi paraharaha. He āhuatanga motuhake tō ēnei momo tikanga ine tika, engari he nui rawa ngā herenga.

He kupu whakataki ki te hangarau tukatuka o te pauna whitiki: whakahaerehia te tatau whakauru o te tohu raraunga kawenga me te tohu raraunga whakahaere tere (ōwehenga tere whitiki tuku) i runga i te horahanga katoa o te umanga (wāhanga pauna) kia whiwhi ai i te uara rere katoa, ā, whakamahia hei whāinga whakahaere. Kia mōhio: E ai ki te whakahaere i te tere tō, hurihia te tapeke o ngā rauemi mata hei toia, kia pumau ai, kia ōrite ai te matotoru o ngā rauemi mata i muri i te hanganga o ngā rauemi mata ki te tauranga whāngai o te waka kawe, ā, kāore e rerekē te kawenga o te kawe whitiki ahakoa te ōwehenga tere o te tarakihana. Me pai ake te manatoko me te rārangi o tēnei tikanga i ētahi atu tikanga whāngai.

Kia mōhio: E rua ngā whitiki e whāngai ana, e paunatia ana hoki. 1.2 Te āhua o te tikanga kounga tonu mō ngā mīhini whakaoho tonu. Tae atu ki: Ngā Mīhini Whakaranu Oneone Whakapūmau Sima, Ngā Mīhini Whakaranu Tonu Konukuraiti, Ngā Mīhini Whakaranu Tonu Uku, Ngā Mīhini Whakaranu Tonu, me ētahi atu.

I ēnei rā, kāore e taea te whakarite i ēnei taputapu ki ngā tikanga puranga mō te tika o te manatoko ine. Nō reira, kāore te tikanga whakaranu tonu i te tino pai ki te tini o ngā kaihoko, koinei tētahi o ngā take. E ai ki ngā whakaaturanga pūtaiao, ka kitea he wāhi wātea kei ngā hangarau whakaranu me te tukatuka kua tohua e ēnei tikanga manatoko ine e rua, ā, kāore te whakamahinga o te whakaranu tonu e pāngia e ngā herenga hangarau rangitahi.

I ēnei rā, ko ngā mīhini whakaranu hurihuri i tō tātou whenua e whakamahi ana i te tikanga kaha, i te tauine whitiki hiko/tauine porowhita rānei. E rua ngā momo tikanga ine me te manatoko e whakamahia ana. Ko te whanaketanga o te hangarau tukatuka whakaranu hurihuri i whakaurua mai i Ūropi i ngā tau 1970. Kāore he whakapainga mai i te tīmatanga ki te mutunga. Inaa, ka taea e ngā tikanga e rua te whakatutuki i te tino tika i Ūropi. Hei tauira, ko te tauine whitiki tuku a Schenck i Parani he 2% te tika o te puranga hihiri. Engari kāore i te pai i tōku whenua, ko te take kei runga i ngā here o ngā hanganga pēnei i te ahumahi tukatuka mīhini me ngā rauemi mata i tōku whenua.

I ēnei rā, ko te tika o te ine o ngā pauna whitiki hiko i te mara rori o tōku whenua he tata ki te 5% noa iho, kāore i te tawhiti atu i te manatoko ine e hangai ana ki te kaha, ā, he ngoikore te pono mō te wā roa. Wāhanga 2: Ngā Auahatanga i roto i te Taumaha Tonu - Ngā Pauna Tohu Rerekē (Āhua Kore Taumaha). Mai i te tekau tau atu i 1990, kua whakamahia tonutia te pauna maha-upoko (Ingarihi Loss-in-weight) i roto i te hanga ahumahi.

Kei te whakakapi haeretia te pauna whitiki hiko, te pauna porowhita, te pauna kohikohi, me ētahi atu i te pauna maha-upoko. Hei tikanga manatoko ine hou, kua whakahoutia hoki, kua nui haere te whiriwhiri i te whakaputa me te tukatuka rauemi mata. 2.1 Paerewa taketake: Tangohia te peere manatoko ine tauine me te whakahaere whāngai hei katoa, whakamātautau tonu i te tohu raraunga manatoko ine tauine e ai ki te papa taputapu, ki te pūmanawa rorohiko o runga rānei, ka tatau i te tauwehenga rapa manatoko ine tauine mō ia wae wā hei rere katoa inamata, kātahi ka whakatauhia ngā whirihoranga pūmanawa me te taputapu o ngā tātari kia whiwhi ai i te "rere katoa motuhake". He mea tino nui te ine tika i te rere o te wai, koinei te pūtake mō te ine tika o te pauna maha-upoko.

Kei roto i tēnei pikitia tētahi huarahi matarohia: Hei whakamutunga, e ai ki te pūnaha arotau urupare PID, ka mahi te FC i te mahi tuturu o te mana whakahaere tata ki te rere katoa o te whāinga, ā, ka whakaputa i te tohu raraunga whakatikatika hei whakahaere i te tīmatanga ngohengohe me ētahi atu papa whakahaere whāngai. 2.2 Te whakamahi i te pauna pauna tohu rerekētanga (pauna pauna maha-upoko) i roto i te raima: Ka kitea mai i te mātāpono taketake kāore e pāngia e te huringa taputapu miihini i waenga i te pauna me te whakahaere whāngai, ka ine noa i te rerekētanga taumaha kupenga (taumaha rerekētanga), ā, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ngā painga o ngā tikanga ine hihiri tuku iho. I raro i te āhuatanga ko te whāinga whakahaere ko te rere katoa (t/h, kg/min), mena he teitei te kaha kawe rauemi mata me te tika o te manatoko ine, ka taea te whakamahi i te tikanga āhua kore taumaha hei mahere pai mō te manatoko ine.

2.2.2 Te tukanga whakaputa o te pauna maha-upoko: 2.2.3 Me aro te hoahoa o te pauna maha-upoko ki ngā āhuatanga e whakararu ana i te tika o te ine: ka whakaarohia e te pauna maha-upoko ngā āhuatanga o te tauine raraunga tūmau me te tauine hihiri. Nō reira, i roto i te hoahoa o te pūnaha whakahaere, kua tohua: 1. Ko te awhe tere kawe e tika ana, i te nuinga o te wā, ko te awhe mahi motuhake he 60% ki te 70% o te kaha kawe uara kua whakatauria. Ina whakamahia te huringa tere whakawhitiwhiti me te whakawhiti, ko te auau taumahatanga he 35-40HZ. Ka whakamanahia he whānuitanga o te whakatikatika.

Nā te iti rawa o te tere kawe, he ngoikore te pono o te pūmanawa pūnaha. Tuarua, he tika te kōwhiringa o te whānuitanga o te pūoko me te tātai tatau. Arā, e whakamahia ana hoki e te pūoko te 60%~70% o tōna whānuitanga ine, ā, he whānui te whānuitanga whakawhiti tohu raraunga, he tino pai tēnei hei whakapai ake i te tika.

3. Ko te hoahoa pūnaha mīhini hei whakarite i te rere o ngā rauemi mata, me te whakarite kia poto te wā whāngai, kia kaua hoki e auau te whāngai. Ko te tikanga, me whāngai kotahi i ia 5-10 meneti. Me maeneene, me rārangi hoki ngā tuku āwhina. 2.2.4 Te whakamahinga matua: I te tere o te whanaketanga o te hangarau whakahaere motuka, ka whakamahia e te pauna maha-upoko te hangarau hou, ā, ko te tika o tana ine ka rerekē mai i te 0.3% ki te 0.5%.

Ko te mea nui o tēnei hangarau ko te whakamahinga o ngā pūoko taumaha raraunga, ka taea ai te hanga i te taumaha kupenga o te pūoko taumaha ki te 0.1%~0.2%, ki runga ake rānei. 2.2.4.1 Te Whakamahinga o te pūoko taumaha raraunga: Hei whakaaroaro i te hiranga o te ine hihiri me te tika, he mea tino nui te whiriwhiri i tētahi pūoko i te pito whakauru o te pūmanawa pūnaha pauna. Ina koa i te wāhi e tika ana kia atamai te pūnaha, te āhua nei he mea tino nui te tau tata, te tau ā-kore rānei o te pūoko. I tēnei wā, ko te koretake o te ine tika me te tere ine tika he takirua rerekētanga, ā, kāore e taea te whakakotahi i ngā mea e rua. Me ine takitahi i ia taputapu, engari me ine takitahi.

I tēnei wā, he maha ngā pūoko matihiko me ngā pūoko anarohiko tuku iho e whakamahia ana i roto i te umanga pauna o Haina, ā, kāore i te nui te tohu pāorooro e puta mai ana. Hei tauira, ko te kaupapa matua o te kaha taumaha ātete ka whakamahia hei whakaputa i tētahi pūoko taumaha me te putanga nui, ā, ko tōna putanga he 30-40 mV te nuinga. Nō reira, he tino ngāwari te tohu raraunga ki te awe o te auau reo irirangi, ā, he poto rawa hoki te tawhiti tuku o te taura, i te nuinga o te wā i roto i te 10 mita.

Kōwhiria he pūmanawa pūnaha pauna waka raupapa maha-pūoko (tauine pauna silo), he pūmanawa pūnaha pauna tūāpapa ratonga, he piriti pauna pauna taurite rānei (tauine taraka hiko, tauine tereina rānei), ka taea e te pūmanawa pūnaha raraunga te whakaoti i te "rahinga kua whakapuakina e ia anō". Nā te pūmanawa pūnaha pūoko mamati maha-hongere, kāore he raruraru ātete taurite. Ka taea e te kaiwhakamahi te whakauru i te wāhitau taipitopito o te pūoko, te taumaha kupenga me te aro o te tauine, ā, ka taea te mahi aunoa i te tauine. "Ngā kokonga e whā" "te taha" rānei Kāore e hiahiatia kia whakatikatikaina te taurite o te reta Ingarihi.

Ina honoa ētahi pūoko ki te pūmanawa pūnaha whakatauira, kāore e taea te tino tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga o ia pūoko, ā, me whakarite ia pūoko, me whakarite hoki ia pūoko mā te whakamahi i tētahi wehewehe ngaohiko i roto i te poraka mutunga. Kua whakaritea te taputapu. Nā te mea he whakamātautau-t takirua kei roto i te tukanga whakatikatika katoa, ka maha ngā wā ka whakahokia. Mō ngā pūmanawa pūnaha raraunga, whakaaetia te manatoko motuhake o ia pūoko hei pūoko kotahi.

Nō reira, ko te wā e pau ana ki te whakatikatika i te pūmanawa pūnaha pūoko atamai he 1/4 noa iho o te whakatauira pūnaha. Ka taea e te pūmanawa pūnaha te "tātari i a ia anō", arā, ka taea e te tukanga tātaritanga te tirotiro tonu mēnā kua mutu te tohu raraunga o ia pūoko, mēnā kua hipa rawa te putanga, me ētahi atu. Mēnā ka puta he hapa noa, ka whakaatuhia aunoa ngā mōhiohio, ngā whakaoho rānei ki te papa taputapu, ki te papa whakahaere rānei. Ka taea e ngā kiritaki te whakamahi i ngā kī mahi i runga i te papa whakahaere ki te rapu i ia pūoko, ki te tautuhi i te pūtake o te hapa noa, me te tango i te hapa noa.

Ko te kaha ki te tātari ā-kanohi me te whakakore i ngā hapa noa he painga matua mō ngā kiritaki, ā, i roto i te whakatauira o te pūmanawa pūnaha pūoko anaro, he tino tika kia whai i ēnei painga. He pūmanawa pūnaha pūoko whakatauira noa I roto i te umanga pauna, ko te taumira mata o te kaitahuri anaro-ki-matihiko he 16 moka, ā, e 50,000 ngā tatau e wātea ana; ā, ko te taumira mata o ia pūoko i roto i te pūmanawa pūnaha raraunga he 16 moka. Ki te 20 moka, e 1,000,000 ngā tatau e wātea ana. Nō reira, ka taea e te pūmanawa pūnaha me ngā pūoko matihiko e 4 te whakaputa i te 4,000,000 ngā taumira mata tatau.

He painga tēnei o ngā pika teitei, inā koa mēnā he taumaha te taumaha o te anga pauna, ā, he iti te pauna. Hei tauira, i roto i te pūmanawa pūnaha pauna puranga, i ētahi wā he wāhanga iti noa iho o te tunu huna ētahi rauemi mata, engari he tino teitei tonu ngā whakaritenga mō te tika. He uaua anō hoki te whakatutuki i ēnei āhuatanga i roto i ngā whakatauira pūnaha tuku iho.

2.3 Te tūnga tono i te kāinga me tāwāhi (i whiwhihia i roto i ngā wheketere matū, te ahumahi whakarewa, te kirihou, ngā muka matū, me ētahi atu) I roto i ngā mara maha, he wheako mahi kei roto i te whakamahi i te pauna maha-upoko. Hei tauira: te whakakī raima. I ngā tau tata nei, kua whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā mara maha pēnei i ngā hua rapa, ngā muka matū, me ngā muka whatu.

I roto i ētahi mahi ahumahi, mā te manatoko ine taumaha tonu ka taea te whakarite kia ōrite te ranunga o ngā rauemi parakore, ā, me ngoikore te whakaranu, ka māmā ake te hangarau tukatuka. He tino oti tēnei hua ki tāwāhi. Hei tauira, ko te French Schenck Enterprise, ko te Buda Benla Enterprise, me te French Pioneer Enterprise, me ētahi atu, ka ārahi ā rātou hangarau i te ao whānui. I roto i a rātou, ka whakamahia e ngā toa te hangarau pūoko mamati, ā, ka eke te tika hihiri ki te 0.25%.

Kua tutuki te tika o te tauine taurite raraunga pumau i roto i te tukanga katoa o te whakaputa ahumahi. Whakamahia i roto i ngā mīhini whakaranu hurihuri me ngā tūponotanga ā muri ake nei. I roto i te mahi manatoko ine o ngā mīhini whakaranu tonu i tōku whenua, kei te mau tonu i te tikanga manatoko ine tuku iho. Nō reira, he mea tino nui te tono me te whakatairanga i te pauna maha-upoko mō te hangarau tukatuka o te whakaranu oneone sima-pūmau, te whakaranu tonu o te raima, me te whakaranu tonu o te uku. He nui hoki tōna hiranga mahi mō te whakahaere tika i te rere katoa.

Nā te hanganga māmā o te tukanga whakaoho hurihuri me te iti o te utu tiaki, ina whakapaitia te ōwehenga ranunga hua, ka rerekē te wāhi mākete iti o nāianei o te whakaoho hurihuri. Ina koa i roto i te mara o te miihini rori me te hiko wai, kei reira ngā ture teitei e whakatakotoria ana ki ngā mīhini whakanui ake i te whakaputanga, ko te pauna maha-upoko he taahiraa matua ki te whakanui ake i te tika o te manatoko ine.

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