Kaupapa hoahoa me te tatau i ngā tawhā matua o te pauna maha-upoko i roto i te mahi whaihua

Kaituhi: Smartweigh– Taumaha Upoko Maha

Ko te pauna maha-upoko (Loss-in-weight feeder) he tātaritanga tauanga o ngā taputapu whakarato taumaha kupenga, ko te nuinga o te whakamahinga, ka whakamahia te pauna maha-upoko mō te taumaha kupenga tonu hihiri i roto i te tukanga katoa, ka taea te whakahaere i te taumaha kupenga me te tātaritanga tauanga o ngā rauemi mata me whakarato tonu, me te whakaatu i ngā mōhiohio mō ngā rauemi mata. Rere katoa inamata me te rere katoa. Ko te kaupapa matua ko te mīhini me ngā taputapu taumaha kupenga raraunga pumau, ka tīpakohia te hangarau taumaha kupenga o te tauine whare putunga raraunga pumau, ā, ka whakamahia te taumaha kupenga pūtau kawenga whare putunga. Heoi, i roto i te papatohu whakahaere o te pauna maha-upoko, kia pai ake ai te whiwhi i te taumaha kupenga i ngaro i ia wae wā o te tauine whare putunga rauemi mata, me ine i te rere katoa inamata o ngā rauemi mata.

Ko te taha maui o te Pikitia 1 te hoahoa anga o te pauna taumaha kupenga ngaro. Ina kore ngā rauemi mata i roto i te whare putunga taumaha kupenga i ngā rauemi mata e tika ana, ka taea te whakatuwhera i te takirere rauemi mata. Ina tae ki te tūranga rauemi mata mōrahi, ka kati te takirere rauemi mata, ā, ka tautokona te whare putunga taumaha kupenga e te pauna taumaha kupenga ngaro. Tohu. Kia tika ake ai te pauna, ka honoa ngā taha o runga me raro o te whare putunga pauna kia rite ki ngā ara ngāwari me ngā tomokanga me ngā putanga, ā, ko ngā mīhini me ngā taputapu o mua me muri, maui me matau me te taumaha kupenga o ngā rauemi mata i roto kāore e tāpiri atu ki te whare putunga pauna. Ko te taha matau o te Pikitia 1 he tirohanga mahere o te tukanga katoa o te tuku tonu. He pūnaha huringa mō te tukanga katoa o te tuku tonu (e whakaatu ana ngā mōhiohio i runga i te pikitia i ngā pūnaha huringa e 3).

E rua ngā huringa o ia pūnaha huringa: ina whakaitihia te whare putunga taumaha kupenga o te whare putunga, ka whakanuia te taumaha kupenga o ngā rauemi mata i roto i te whare putunga taumaha kupenga, ā, ina tae ki te tūranga rauemi mata mōrahi i te t1, ka kati te takirere rauemi mata, ā, ka tīmata te kawe tīwiri ki te tuku i ngā rauemi mata, ā, ka ngaro te taumaha kupenga i tēnei wā. I muri i te tīmatanga o te mahi a te tauine mō tētahi wā, ka heke te taumaha kupenga o ngā rauemi mata i roto i te whare putunga taumaha kupenga. Ina tae ki te tūranga rauemi mata iti rawa i te t2, ka whakatuwheratia anō te takirere rauemi mata. Ko te wā mai i te t1 ki te t2 e whakarato ana i te wā huringa mō te momo kaha. I muri i tētahi wā, ka piki ake te taumaha kupenga o ngā rauemi mata i roto i te whare putunga taumaha kupenga. Ina tae anō te wā t3 ki te tūranga rauemi mata mōrahi, ka kati te takirere rauemi mata, ā, ka whakahokia te wā mai i te t2 ki te t3 i roto i te wā huringa tuku kaha, ā, ka aroturukitia te ōwehenga tere o te kawe tīwiri i runga i te rere tere, kia tutuki ai he huringa tuku pumau. I roto i te wā, ka mau tonu te ōwehenga tere o te kawe tīwiri i te ōwehenga tere i mua tata i te tīmatanga o te wā huringa, ā, kāore e rerekē, ā, ka whakaratohia e te tikanga aroturuki rere rōrahi pumau. Nā te mea ka hono tata te pauna maha-upoko i te pauna hihiri me te pauna raraunga tūmau, ā, ka hono tata hoki i te whāngai aukati me te whāngai tonu, he pai te hanganga mō te hiri, ā, he pai mō te raima, te paura raima tere, te waro paura, te kai, te rongoā me ētahi atu rauemi mata iti. Ka taea e te pauna me te whāngai te whakatutuki i te tino tika me te rārangi pauna. Ka mahi te pauna maha-upoko 2 i runga i te hiahia o te kaupapa hoahoa tawhā matua.

I te wā e hoahoa ana i tētahi pauna me te taumaha kupenga ngaro, kia mahara ki ngā tawhā whakahaere matua pēnei i te auau whāngai, te rahinga whāngai anō, te kaha whāngai anō o te whare putunga, me te tere whāngai anō. Ki te kore, e kore e mahi tika te pauna taumaha kupenga ngaro. Hei tauira, i hokona e tētahi kaihoko tētahi pauna maha-upoko mai i tētahi kaihanga mō te tiaki taputapu i te wāhi. I te wā i hokona ai, e toru noa iho ngā pūoko taumaha 100kg i hokona.

I tonoa e te kaihanga tētahi tangata i taua wā tonu hei whakamōhio mai ko te rauemi mata o te kiritaki he wairewa waikawa boric, ko te kiato whanaunga ko 1510kg/m3, ko te rere katoa mōrahi ko 36kg/h, ā, ko te rere katoa noa ko 21~24kg/h. He iti rawa te rere katoa, e toru ngā pūwāhi tautoko pūoko taumaha 100kg e whakamahia ana e te hopper, ā, he nui te kaha o te hopper tātari. He raruraru kore pūtaiao tēnei i roto i te kōwhiringa tauira. Ko tētahi atu raruraru ko te hononga o te hopper ki tētahi mīhini me te pūtake wiri i te wā tāutanga. Ka taea e tātou te tīpako i te 15~20 wā/h e ai ki ngā paerewa wheako mahi e tino taunakitia ana i muri mai ina nui ake te tono, ā, ko te taumaha kupenga o ia tuku tāpiri ko 36/15~36/20, arā, 1.9kg~2.4kg. Ko te taumaha kupenga o ngā rauemi mata e mau ana i ia pūoko taumaha he iti iho i te 1 kg, ā, ko te whānuitanga ine tika he tata ki te 0.5~1%.

Ko te tikanga, ko te whānuitanga ine tika o te pūoko taumaha me noho ki te 10~30% te iti rawa kia tika ai te pauna. E ai ki te taumaha kupenga o te rauemi mata 2.4kg me te taumaha kupenga o te whare putunga rauemi mata me ngā mīhini me ngā taputapu rauemi mata (te kawe tīwiri, me ētahi atu), ko te taumaha katoa he tata ki te 10kg. Ina whakamahia ngā pūoko taumaha e toru, ka taea te whiriwhiri i te whānuitanga ine o ia pūoko taumaha mai i te 5kg ki te 10kg. Arā, ka piki ake te rahinga o te pūoko 100kg kua hokona mā te 10~20 ngā wā, ka ngoikore te pono o te pauna maha-upoko, ā, he iti te tika o te pauna.

E whakaatu ana tēnei take me tutuki hoki te hoahoa o te pauna maha-upoko ki te paerewa hoahoa, ā, kāore e taea te whakatau i ngā tawhā matua o ngā taputapu mīhini me te whakahaere o te pauna maha-upoko me te kore e ine. 3.1 Te tātaitanga o te auau whāngai.

Mō te pauna maha-upoko, ko te nui ake o te ōwehenga o te huringa tuku kaha (ōwehenga wā = te huringa tuku kaha/huringa tuku-anō) i roto i ia pūnaha tohanga toto, ko te pai ake, i te nuinga o te wā me neke atu i te 10:1. Nā te mea he nui ake te tika o te momo kaha i te wā huringa i te wā huringa tuku-anō, ā, ko te roa ake o te wā huringa e whakaratohia ana e te momo kaha, ko te teitei ake o te tika whānui o te pauna maha-upoko. Ko te auau pūnaha tohanga toto mō ia wae wā o te pauna maha-upoko ka whakaatuhia whānuitia hei auau pūnaha tohanga toto mō ia hāora ina nui ake te tono, arā, ngā wā/h.

Ki te tangohia te nui ake o te tono ia hāora hei paerewa, ko te pūmau wā tono ia wae wā (hei tauira, ia hekona) te whakaritenga matua. Ko te iti o te auau o te pūnaha tohanga, ko te nui ake o ia whāngai, ko te nui ake o te kaha me te taumaha kupenga o te whare putunga taumaha kupenga, ko te iti ake o te tika o te ine i te āhua kore taumaha mā te whakamahi i ngā taumata maha o ngā pūtau kawenga, ko te nui ake o te auau o te pūnaha tohanga, ko te nui ake o te nui o te whāngai i ia wā. Ko te iti iho, ko te iti ake o te kaha me te taumaha kupenga o te whare putunga taumaha kupenga, ā, ko te teitei ake o te tika o te whakamahi i te iti o ngā pūtau kawenga hei ine i te āhua kore taumaha. Heoi, he teitei rawa te auau o te pūnaha huringa, he maha ngā wā ka mutu te taputapu mīhini whāngai, ā, he maha ngā wā ka huri te papa whakahaere o te pauna maha-upoko i waenga i te wā huringa whāngai kaha me te wā huringa whāngai anō, ā, kāore i te tino pai.

I runga i te auau o te wheako mahi, ko te nuinga o te āhua taumaha e whakarato ana i te pūmanawa pūnaha, inā koa mō ngā matūriki paura me te kore e tino wai, ko te auau o te tuku anō ka tīpakohia kia 15 ~ 20 ngā wā/haora ina nui te tono. Ina iti iho te tono i te tono nui ake, ka whakaitihia te auau o te tuku anō, ā, ko te huringa tuku momo-kaha te mea nui ake, he pai ake mō te whakapai ake i te tika. Haunga te auau o te wheako mahi, ko ētahi tono e whakarato ana i te rere katoa he tino iti, ahakoa he iti rawa te kaha o te whare putunga, ka taea tonu e rātou te penapena i ngā rauemi mata e whakaratohia ana mō te neke atu i te 1 haora, me te wā ki te whakarato neke atu i te 1 haora.

Ko ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei: Ko te nui ake ka puta he rere katoa o te 2kg/h. Ko te ōwehenga whakatakotoranga rauemi mata he 803kg/m3. Ko te rere katoa o te whāngai nui ake ko 2/803=0.0025m3/h.

Mena he 0.01m3 te kaha o te whare putunga (tata ki te 250Mm×250Mm×Ko te rahi o te whare putunga mita pūtoru pērā i te 250Mm) he rawaka mō te 2h~3h o te whakamahinga rauemi mata, ā, kāore ia whakamahinga rauemi mata e neke ake i te 10kg, nō reira kāore e hiahiatia he rauemi mata aunoa, ā, ka taea te whakaaro ki te whakamahi i ngā rauemi mata. Kia rite ki ngā ture hanga, engari he iti ake te rārangi rere katoa. 3.2 Tātaihia anō te rahinga whāngai. Whai muri i te whiriwhiri i te auau whakakī, ka taea te ine i te rahinga whakakī me te rahinga tuku katoa.

Hei tauira, me whakamahi he pauna maha-upoko: ko te pauna nui ake ka rere katoa ki te 270KG/haora. Ko te matotoru o te rauemi mata he 485kg/m3. Ko te rere katoa o te whāngai nui ake ko 270/480=0.561m3/haora.

I te tere tuku nui ake, i whiriwhiria te auau o te tuku anō kia 15 ngā wā/h. Tikanga tatau mō te rōrahi uta anō: rōrahi uta anō = te nui tāpiri nui ake (kg/h)÷Kōmato (kg/m3)÷Auau whakauru anō (auau whakauru anō/h) I tēnei take, ko te rōrahi tāuta anō = 270÷480÷15=0.0375m3. 3.3 Tātaitanga taumaha kupenga o te kaha o te whare putunga.

Me nui ake te taumaha kupenga o te kaha o te whare putunga i te taumaha kupenga kua tatauhia i roto i te mahere hoahoa. Nā te mea ka noho tonu ngā rauemi mata me te wāhi wātea i te tihi o te whare putunga ina tīmata te taumaha kupenga o te whare putunga i te taumaha kupenga. Mena ka 20% ia, ā, ka wehea te taumaha kupenga o te kaha o te whare putunga ki te 0.6, ka taea te whiwhi i te kaha e hiahiatia ana o te whare putunga.

Me kanapa te taumaha kupenga whakamutunga kua tīpakohia o te rōrahi whare putunga, e ai ki te rōrahi whare putunga pumau. Tikanga tatau mō te rōrahi uta anō: taumaha kupenga o te kaha o te whare putunga = taumaha kupenga o te rōrahi ÷ k. I roto i te tātai: ko te k te taupū toenga i whakatauhia o te whare putunga rauemi mata, ka taea te 0.4~0.7, ā, ko te 0.6 te mea e whakaarohia ana.

I tēnei tauira, ko te taumaha kupenga o te kaha o te whare putunga = 0.0375 ÷ 0.6 = 0.0625m3. Mēnā ko te rōrahi o te whare putunga kua hangaia he 0.6m3, 0.8m3, 1.0M3 me ētahi atu whakaritenga me ngā tauira, me 0.08m3 te kanapa ki runga, ā, ko te kaha o te whare putunga pauna me 0.08m3. 3.4 Inehia te tere tāutanga anō.

Ko te pauna maha-upoko e whakaratohia ana e te tikanga kaha pumau iti-tika i roto i te wā huringa uta anō, nō reira ka tohua te tere uta anō o te mīhini uta anō kia tere (i te nuinga o te wā, me whakahaere i roto i te 5s ~ 20s). Tikanga tatau mō te tere uta anō: tere whakahou = [rōrahi whakahou (m3)÷Wā haumi anō (s)×60(s/min)]+[rerenga katoa o te haumi whakapaipai nui (m3/h)÷60(min/h)] I roto i te Whārite 2, ko te tere tāpiri anō he mea hanga mai i ngā tūemi hou e 2, ko te tūemi hou tuatahi ko te tere tāpiri i runga i te rōrahi tāpiri anō, ā, ko te tūemi hou tuarua ka warewarehia e te tini o te tangata, e tohu ana ko te tere tāpiri o te wā, ko te rauemi mata me whakakī i tēnei wāhanga ina tāpirihia anō. E ai ki te uara, ko te tere whāngai anō he tata ki te 30 ngā wā o te tere tāpiri nui ake. Ara, e ai ki tēnei uara, ina whakatauhia te tere whāngai anō o ētahi atu pauna ngaro te taumaha kupenga, ka taea te whakatau tata ki te 25-40 ngā wā o te tere tāpiri nui ake.

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