Ka'idar asali ta na'urar auna nauyi mai yawa da fasahar tabbatar da daidaiton metrology mai juyawa

Mawallafi: Smartweigh– Nauyin Kai Mai Yawa

Ingantaccen fasaha na tabbatar da daidaiton mitoci na juyawa da kuma ƙa'idarsa ta asali ta auna nauyi mara nauyi 1. Yanayin da ake ciki a yanzu na hanyar tabbatar da aunawa ta mahaɗan juyawa 1.1 Hanyar tabbatar da aunawa ta juyawa ta aikace-aikacen gargajiya tana da hanyoyi da yawa wajen tabbatar da aunawa na kayan masarufi na fiber kamar kayan gini na ado, hatsi, mai, abinci, hakar ma'adinai, da sauransu, ko lokacin sarrafa kayan ƙanshi ta yanar gizo. Mafi kyawun waɗanda aka saba da su sune: sikelin bel na lantarki, ma'aunin kwararar farantin flushing, ma'aunin nukiliya, da ma'aunin ciyar da faifan diski. Wannan hanyar tabbatar da aunawa tana da nata halaye, amma iyakokin suna da yawa.

An gabatar da fasahar sarrafawa ta sikelin bel ɗin lantarki dalla-dalla. Matakai: Sigar bel ɗin lantarki ta haɗa siginar bayanai na kaya da aka samu a jimillar yanki (sashen aunawa) na kamfanin da siginar bayanai ta saurin sauyawa (rabowar saurin bel ɗin watsawa) don samun jimlar ƙimar kwarara. Manufofin da za a iya sarrafawa. Lura: Adadin kayan da za a cire ana canza su gwargwadon rabon gudu na bel ɗin tuƙi mai ja da ja. Bayan an siffanta kayan kuma an ƙawata su ta hanyar tashar ciyarwa ta hanyar bututun ciyarwa, kauri yana da daidaito kuma daidai. Ko da kuwa rabon gudu na mai jigilar bel, nauyin da ke kan bel ɗin tuƙi yana da cikakken daidaito. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin ciyarwa, wannan hanyar tana da kyakkyawan tasirin gaske na tabbatar da metrology da layi.

1.2 Amfani da hanyar tabbatar da aunawa ta juyawa a cikin injinan hadawa masu ci gaba Injinan hadawa na yanzu sun haɗa da: injinan hadawa da kayan aiki na masana'antar ƙasa mai daidaita siminti, injinan hadawa ta juyawa ta siminti, da injinan hadawa ta juyawa ta bitumen. Dangane da daidaiton tabbatar da daidaiton metrology, a wannan matakin, ba za a iya haɗa irin wannan kayan aiki da lokaci-lokaci ba. Saboda haka, hanyar hadawa ta juyawa ba ta da amfani ga masu amfani da yawa, wanda kuma ɗaya ne daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da hakan.

Gwajin kimiyya na iya nuna cewa fasahar haɗawa da sarrafawa da aka yanke ta hanyar waɗannan hanyoyin tabbatar da ma'auni guda biyu duk wurare ne masu dacewa, kuma bai kamata a yi amfani da haɗakar juyawa ba saboda iyakokin fasaha na yanzu. A wannan matakin, a ƙasarmu, ana auna injunan haɗa juyawa ta hanyar amfani da girma ko sikelin bel na lantarki/girgiza. A cikin shekarun 1970, an gabatar da fasahar sarrafa haɗakarwa ta ci gaba daga Turai don haɓakawa da ƙira. Zuwa yanzu, haka lamarin yake, kuma babu wani ci gaba daga farko zuwa ƙarshe. A zahiri, ana iya amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin tabbatar da ma'auni guda biyu a Turai tare da babban daidaito. Misali, sikelin batching na bel ɗin watsawa na weight Zhongshan Smart yana da daidaiton kayan ƙanshi mai ƙarfi na 2%.

Amma a ƙasata, ba shi da kyau, domin ya dogara ne da takaita samar da kayayyaki na masana'antu kamar kera injuna da kayan aiki da kayayyaki a ƙasata. A wannan matakin, daidaiton tabbatar da ma'auni na ma'aunin bel na lantarki da ake amfani da shi a fagen hanya a ƙasar Sin gabaɗaya kusan kashi 5% ne kawai, wanda ba shi da bambanci da tabbatar da ma'aunin ƙarfi, kuma amincin dogon lokaci yana da rauni. biyu. Ci gaba da Gyaran Nauyin Ma'auni——An fara amfani da na'urar auna nauyi mai yawa (Rage nauyi na Ingilishi) na ma'aunin rage siginar bambanci (yanayin rashin nauyi) a cikin dukkan tsarin samar da masana'antu a cikin shekarun 1990 don ci gaba da tabbatar da metrology.

Na'urar auna nauyi mai yawa tana maye gurbin ma'aunin bel na lantarki, ma'aunin karkace, har ma da ma'aunin tarawa. A matsayin sabuwar hanyar aunawa, ana amfani da kayan aiki da yawa a hankali. 2.1 Babban ra'ayi: Ɗauki bokitin auna nauyi da tsarin ciyarwa a matsayin jikin sikelin gaba ɗaya, ci gaba da yin samfurin siginar bayanai na nauyin jiki na sikelin bisa ga allon kayan aiki ko software na babban kwamfuta, kuma auna rabon canji na nauyin nauyi a cikin lokacin naúrar azaman saurin gaggawa Jimlar kwarara, sannan ta hanyar hanyoyin fasaha na tace kayan aiki da software iri-iri, ana iya amfani da ita azaman rabin daidaitawar "jimlar kwarara ta musamman". Samun wannan kwararar bayanai yana da matuƙar mahimmanci, kuma shine tushen daidaiton aunawa da tabbatar da sikelin mara nauyi.

An bayyana wata hanya ta gargajiya dalla-dalla a cikin hoton: hanyar tabbatar da ma'aunin ma'aunin nauyi mai yawa, sannan FC tana ciyar da tsarin ingantawa bisa ga ra'ayin PID, tana gudanar da lissafin aiki na jimlar kwarara kusa da manufa ta gaba ɗaya, kuma tana fitar da siginar bayanai ta daidaitawa don aiki da mai farawa mai laushi da sauran masu ciyarwa masu girgiza. kwamitin sarrafawa. 2.2 Ainihin aikace-aikacen sikelin auna siginar bambanci (mai auna kai da yawa): Daga ƙa'idar aiki, ana iya ganin cewa canje-canjen kayan aikin injiniya na jikin sikelin da tsarin ciyarwa ba zai shafe shi ba. Yana auna kuskuren nauyi na net kawai (nauyin bambanci), wanda ya bambanta da na gargajiya Idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin tabbatar da metrology masu ƙarfi, halayensa a bayyane suke. Lokacin da maƙasudin sarrafawa shine jimlar kwarara (t/h, kg/min), kuma kayan da aka yi amfani da su suna da kyakkyawan jigilar kaya, kuma ma'aunin daidaiton tabbatar da metrology yana da girma, ana iya amfani da hanyar tabbatar da metrology mara nauyi azaman mafi kyawun tsari.

2.2.2 Tsarin samar da nauyin nauyi mara nauyi: tsarin samar da nauyin nauyi mai yawa 2.2.3 Abubuwan da ke buƙatar kulawa a cikin tsarin ƙira na nauyin nauyi mara nauyi, abubuwan da ke shafar daidaito: nauyin nauyi mai yawa yana da halaye na sikelin bayanai marasa tsauri da sikelin kuzari. Lokacin ƙirƙirar software na tsarin, an tsara cewa: 1. Matsakaicin ƙimar sufuri mai dacewa, gabaɗaya a cikin takamaiman yankin aiki, kashi 60% zuwa 70% na ƙarfin jigilar kaya da aka ƙima shine mafi kyau. Idan an yi amfani da canjin sadarwa da saurin musanya, ya fi kyau a mayar da martani ga mitar damuwa na 35-40Hz. Wannan yana tabbatar da sauye-sauye iri-iri.

Haka kuma saboda lokacin da ƙimar sufuri ta yi ƙasa sosai, kwanciyar hankali na software na tsarin ba shi da kyau. 2. Matsakaicin ma'aunin firikwensin yana da matsakaici. A wata ma'anar, firikwensin yana amfani da kashi 60% ~ 70% na kewayon aunawarsa bisa ga dabarar. Siginar bayanai tana da nau'ikan canji iri-iri, wanda ke da matuƙar amfani don inganta daidaito. 3. Tsarin ƙirar tsarin injina ya kamata ya tabbatar da cewa kayan suna da kyakkyawan zagayawa, kuma ya tabbatar da cewa lokacin kafin rarrabawa ya yi gajere, kuma bai kamata ciyarwa ta kasance akai-akai ba. Gabaɗaya, yana ɗaukar mintuna 5-10 don sake cika kayan.

Na'urar watsawa ta kayan tallafi ya kamata ta tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da kuma kyakkyawan tsari na layi. 2.2.4 Tsarin aikace-aikace: Tare da saurin haɓaka tsarin sarrafa na'urorin lantarki, na'urar aunawa mai yawa ta dogara ne akan zaɓin sabbin fasahohi, kuma daidaiton tabbatar da metrology ya ƙaru daga 0.3% zuwa 0.5%. Kuma ƙaruwar zuwa 0.1% ~ 0.2%, ko ma fiye da sikelin bayanai marasa motsi, mabuɗin wannan sabon tsari shine amfani da na'urori masu auna nauyi na nuni na dijital.

2.2.4.1 Amfani da na'urar auna nauyi ta dijital: Domin a haɗa ta da kyau cikin buƙatar aunawa mai ƙarfi da daidaito, yana da mahimmanci musamman a yi amfani da ita azaman na'urar auna maɓalli ta software a cikin kayan aikin auna nauyi. Musamman a wuraren da dole ne su kasance masu hankali, bayanai a lokaci guda ko a kaikaice na na'urar aunawa ba makawa ne. A wannan lokacin, rashin tabbas na ma'auni daidai da ƙimar ganowa yawanci bambance-bambance ne guda biyu, kuma yana da wuya a daidaita su biyun, kuma ya zama dole a tantance takamaiman yanayin. Yi sulhu. A cikin masana'antar aunawa, ana ƙera na'urori masu auna analog na dijital da yawa kuma ana amfani da su a ƙasata, kuma fitowar siginar bugun jini ƙarami ne.

Idan aka ɗauki na'urar auna nauyi mai yawan fitarwa da kuma ƙa'idar ƙarfin juriya a matsayin misali, babban fitarwa gabaɗaya shine 30-40mV. Saboda haka, siginar bayanai tana da sauƙin shafar mitar rediyo, kuma nisan watsawa na kebul ɗin ma gajere ne, gabaɗaya cikin mita goma. A cikin kayan aikin auna akwati (ma'aunin sikelin silo), kayan aikin aunawa na dandamali ko gadar sikelin (ma'aunin manyan motoci na lantarki ko sikelin jirgin ƙasa) ta amfani da na'urori masu auna zafin jiki da yawa a jere, ana iya amfani da tsarin aiki na bayanai don kammala "daidaitawa kai".

Wannan ya faru ne saboda manhajar tsarin firikwensin dijital mai tashoshi da yawa, babu wata matsala ta juriya da ta dace. Abokin ciniki zai iya shigar da cikakken adireshin, aunawa da kuma fahimtar kowane mai sarrafawa, sannan zai iya yin gyaran sikelin da kansa. "Kusurwoyi huɗu" ko "gefe" Daidaitacce, babu buƙatar daidaita harafin akai-akai akai-akai. A cikin kwaikwayon tsarin, bayan an haɗa firikwensin da yawa tare, ba za a iya bambance halayen kowane mai sarrafawa da sauran ba. Lokacin daidaitawa, ya kamata a saki matsakaicin nauyi akan kowane firikwensin kuma a yi amfani da babban ƙarfin lantarki a cikin tashoshin. Ana daidaita mai daidaita matsin lamba.

Saboda akwai gwajin t-gwajin da aka haɗa lokacin daidaitawa, ana maimaita shi sau da yawa. A cikin tsarin bayanai, ana ba da damar duba kowane firikwensin daban-daban a matsayin guda ɗaya. Saboda haka, lokacin gyara jimillar kuɗin software tare da tsarin firikwensin dijital shine 1/4 kawai na kwaikwayon tsarin.

Amfani da software na tsarin bayanai kuma ana iya yin "bincike kai tsaye", wato, kwararar shirin ganewar asali akai-akai yana duba ko siginar bayanai na kowane firikwensin ta ƙare, ko fitowar ta wuce kima, da sauransu. Idan akwai matsala, saƙo ko ƙararrawa ana nuna ta atomatik akan dashboard ko panel na kula da panel, kuma abokan ciniki za su iya amfani da maɓallan da ke kan panel na kulawa don nemo kowane firikwensin, gano musabbabin matsalar daban-daban da kuma yin gyara matsala. Wannan nau'in ganewar asali da kuma ikon warware matsala a bayyane yake babban fa'ida ne ga abokin ciniki, amma yana da wuya a manta da yin hakan a farashi mai rahusa a cikin kwaikwayon software na tsarin firikwensin analog.

A cikin masana'antar auna nauyi, ƙudurin ma'aunin motsi na SPWM na software na tsarin firikwensin kwaikwayo na yau da kullun shine rago 16, kuma akwai ƙidaya 50,000 da ake da su; kuma ƙudurin allo na kowane firikwensin a cikin tsarin bayanai shine rago 20. Akwai ƙidaya 1,000,000 da ake da su. Saboda haka, software na tsarin tare da firikwensin dijital 4 na iya samar da ƙudurin allo na ƙidaya 4,000,000. Fa'idodin irin waɗannan manyan pixels sun dace musamman ga wuraren da firam ɗin auna nauyi yake da nauyi sosai kuma nauyin abin aunawa ƙanana ne.

Misali: a cikin kayan auna kayan ƙanshi, wani lokacin wani nau'in kayan masarufi yana da ƙaramin rabo kawai a cikin girke-girke na sirri, amma buƙatun daidaito har yanzu suna da yawa sosai. Wannan kuma ba zai yiwu a cimma shi ba a cikin kwaikwayon tsarin gargajiya. uku. Amfani da kayan haɗa na juyawa da tasirin kasuwar. Saboda aunawa da tabbatar da injinan haɗa na juyawa na China sun kasance a cikin hanyar gargajiya, yuwuwar aikace-aikacen nauyin nauyi mara nauyi a cikin tallan da haɓakawa zai kasance mai faɗi sosai. , Tsarin haɗa bitumen mai ci gaba yana da canje-canje masu rugujewa, kuma ingantaccen sarrafa kwararar bayanai na iya samar da kayan haɗawa mai daidaito da dacewa.

Saboda tsarin juyawa mai sauƙi ne a tsari kuma yana da ƙarancin kuɗin kulawa, da zarar an sarrafa rabon haɗakar samfura sosai, zai canza yanayin da ake ciki a yanzu na ƙarancin kasuwar juyawa mai juyawa. Musamman ma, injuna da kayan aikin da ake buƙata a fannin injiniyan hanya da wutar lantarki na ruwa suna da matuƙar muhimmanci, kuma aunawa ba tare da nauyi ba muhimmin ci gaba ne don inganta daidaiton aunawa.

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