Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-metrological - ukunciphisa amafutha okuhlukile [i-multihead weigher]

Umbhali: Smartweigh–I-Multihead Weighter

Ukuhlanganisa iminyaka eminingi yemisebenzi engokoqobo emsebenzini, umhleli wenze ucwaningo lwesayensi olujwayelekile nolujulile mayelana nesisindo esishukumisayo nokuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological yamazwe ahlukahlukene emhlabeni, futhi wabeka ngokucacile isisombululo sendlela yokuthuthukisa ukunemba kokuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological. yezixube ezijikelezayo. Isimo se-quo sokulinganisa kanye nendlela yokuqinisekisa yemishini eshukumisayo ejikelezayo. 1.1 Indlela yekhwalithi ye-rotary ngokuvamile isetshenziswa.

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokulinganisa nokuqinisekisa izinto zepuleti lezinto zokuhlobisa zokwakha, okusanhlamvu, uwoyela, ukudla, izimayini, njll., noma ukulawula izinongo ku-inthanethi. Okujwayelekile kakhulu yilezi: izikali zebhande le-elekthronikhi, ama-flushing plate flowmeters, izikali zenuzi, nezikali ze-pan material. Lezi zinhlobo zezindlela zokulinganisa ezinembile zinezici zazo, kodwa ukulinganiselwa kukhulu kakhulu.

Isingeniso kubuchwepheshe bokucubungula besikali sebhande: yenza ukubala okubalulekile kwesiginali yedatha yomthwalo kanye nesiginali yedatha yokulawula isivinini (isilinganiso sejubane lebhande) endaweni ephelele yebhizinisi (isigaba sesisindo) ukuthola ukugeleza okuphelele. value, futhi ulisebenzise njengethagethi yokulawula. Qaphela: Ngokusho kokulawulwa kwejubane lokudonsa, shintsha inani eliphelele lezinto zokusetshenziswa okufanele zikhishwe, ukuze emva kokuba izinto zokusetshenziswa zakhiwe ethekwini lokuphakela lomkhumbi wokuthutha, ukushuba kwazo kuzinzile futhi zifana, kanye nomthwalo. ye-conveyor yebhande ngeke ishintshe kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isilinganiso sejubane likagandaganda. Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological kanye nokulandelana kwale ndlela kufanele kube ngcono kunezinye izindlela zokuphakela.

Qaphela: Ukondla nokukala kwenziwa ngamabhande ama-2 ngalinye. 1.2 Isimo sendlela yekhwalithi eqhubekayo yemishini enyakazayo eqhubekayo. Kubandakanya: Imishini Yokuxuba Inhlabathi Eqinile Kasimende, Imishini Yokuxuba Kakhonkolo Eqhubekayo, Imishini Yokuxuba I-Asphalt Eqhubekayo, Imishini Eqhubekayo Yokuxuba, njll.

Ezimweni zanamuhla, izisetshenziswa ezinjalo azikwazi ukuqhathaniswa nezindlela zeqoqo ngokunemba kokuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokuxuba eqhubekayo ayizange ivunywe amakhasimende amaningi, okungenye yezizathu. Ngokusho kokuboniswa kwesayensi, kungabonakala ukuthi ukuxuba nokucubungula ubuchwepheshe obucaciswe yilezi zindlela ezimbili zokuqinisekisa ukulinganisa kunezindawo ezitholakalayo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kokuxuba okuqhubekayo akuthintwa ukulinganiselwa kwesikhashana kwezobuchwepheshe.

Namuhla, imishini yokuxuba ejikelezayo ezweni lethu yonke isebenzisa indlela yomthamo noma isikali sebhande le-elekthronikhi/isikali esivunguzayo. Izinhlobo ezimbili zokulinganisa nezindlela zokuqinisekisa zisetshenziswa. Umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula i-rotary mixing wethulwa kusukela eYurophu ngawo-1970. Akukho ngcono kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni. Eqinisweni, zombili izindlela zingafinyelela ukunemba okuphezulu eYurophu. Isibonelo, isikali se-batching sebhande lika-Schenck e-France sinokunemba okuguquguqukayo kokuhlanganisa okungu-2%. Kodwa akukuhle ezweni lami, isizathu sincike emigomeni yengqalasizinda efana nemboni yokucubungula imishini nezinto zokusetshenziswa ezweni lami.

Namuhla, ukunemba kokulinganisa kwezikali zamabhande e-elekthronikhi emgwaqeni wezwe lami ngokuvamile cishe ku-5% kuphela, engekude nokuqinisekiswa kokulinganisa okusekelwe emandleni, futhi ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside kubi. Isigaba 2: Izinto Ezintsha Ekukaleni Okuqhubekayo - Izikali Zesiginali Ehlukile (Isimo Esingenasisindo). Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990s, i-multihead weigher (English Loss-in-weight) ibilokhu isetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni.

Izikali zebhande le-elekthronikhi, izikali ezivunguzayo, izikali eziqoqiwe, njll. kancane kancane zithatha indawo yesisindo se-multihead. Njengendlela yokuqinisekisa yokulinganisa entsha nethuthukisiwe, ukukhiqizwa nokucubungula kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kuya kukhethwa. 2.1 Izinga eliyisisekelo: Thatha ibhakede lokuqinisekisa isikali kanye nenhlangano ephakelayo iyonke, qhubeka wenza isampula yesignali yedatha yokuqinisekisa isikali ngokuya ngephaneli yensimbi noma isofthiwe yekhompuyutha ephezulu, bese ubala i-coefficient enwebekayo yokuqinisekisa isikali ngesikhathi seyunithi njenge ukugeleza okuphelele ngokushesha, bese ngokusho kwesoftware ehlukahlukene kanye nokuhlelwa kwehardware yezihlungi kuxazululwa ngobuchwepheshe ukuze kutholwe.“ukugeleza okuphelele okuqondile”. Ukulinganisa okunembile kokugeleza kwamanzi kubaluleke kakhulu, kuyisisekelo sokulinganisa okunembile kwe-multihead weigher.

Lesi sithombe sihlanganisa indlela yakudala: Okokugcina, ngokuya nge-algorithm yokuthuthukisa impendulo ye-PID, i-FC yenza umsebenzi wangempela wokulawula eduze nokugeleza okuphelele okuqondiwe, futhi ikhipha isignali yedatha yokulungisa ukuze ilawule isiqalisi esithambile namanye amabhodi okulawula ukuphakela. . 2.2 Ukusebenzisa isikali sesisindo sesignali esihlukile (i-multihead weigher) kukhonkolo: Kungabonakala esimisweni esiyisisekelo sokuthi ngeke kulinyazwe ukuguqulwa kwemishini kamshini phakathi kwesikali nenhlangano yokudla, ikala kuphela umehluko wesisindo senetha (umehluko). isisindo), kanye Izinzuzo zezindlela zokulinganisa eziguquguqukayo zendabuko zaziwa kahle. Ngaphansi kombandela wokuthi okuqondiwe kokulawula ukugeleza okuphelele (t/h, kg/min), uma umthamo wokuthuthwa kwempahla eluhlaza kanye nokunemba kokuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological kuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, indlela yesimo esingenasisindo ingasetshenziswa njengohlelo olungcono kakhulu lokuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological. .

2.2.2 Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-multihead weigher: 2.2.3 Uhlelo lokuklama lwesikali se-multihead kufanele sinake izici ezibeka engcupheni ukunemba kokulinganisa: isikali se-multihead sicabangela izici zesikali sedatha emile kanye nesilinganiso esiguqukayo. . Ngakho-ke, ekwakhiweni kwesistimu yokulawula, kucacisiwe : 1. Ibanga elifanele lezinga lokuthutha, ngokujwayelekile, uhla lomsebenzi othize luyi-60% kuya ku-70% wenani elilinganiselwe lomthamo wokuthutha. Uma usebenzisa ukushintshwa kwesivinini sokuxhumana nokushintshanisa, imvamisa yokucindezela i-35-40HZ. Uhlu olubanzi lokulungisa luqinisekisiwe.

Futhi ngenxa yokuthi isivinini sokuthutha siphansi kakhulu, ukwethembeka kwesofthiwe yesistimu akunamandla. Okwesibili, ukukhethwa kobubanzi bezinzwa kanye nefomula yokubala kufanelekile. Okusho ukuthi, inzwa iphinde isebenzisa i-60% ~ 70% yobubanzi bayo bokulinganisa, futhi ububanzi bokuguqulwa kwesignali yedatha bubanzi, okuzuzisa kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukunemba.

3. Uhlelo lokuklama uhlelo lwemishini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswayo zitholakala kalula, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhathi sokudla sifushane futhi ukuphakelwa akuvamile. Ngokuvamile, ukudla kanye njalo ngemizuzu engu-5-10. Ukuthunyelwa kwezinsiza kufanele kube bushelelezi futhi kuqondile. 2.2.4 Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko: Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bokulawula izimoto, isikali se-multihead sithatha ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, futhi ukunemba kwesilinganiso saso kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-0.3% kuya ku-0.5%.

Isihluthulelo salobu buchwepheshe ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa zesisindo sedatha, ezingenza isisindo esinesisindo senzwa yesisindo sibe ngu-0.1%~0.2% noma ngaphezulu. 2.2.4.1 Ukusetshenziswa kwenzwa yesisindo sedatha: Ukuze ucabangele isidingo sokulinganisa okuguquguqukayo nokunembile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha inzwa ekugcineni kokufaka kwesofthiwe yesistimu yokukala. Ikakhulukazi endaweni lapho uhlelo kufanele luhlakaniphe khona, inombolo esheshayo noma engaqondile yenzwa ibonakala ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukungaqiniseki kokulinganisa okunembile kanye nezinga lokulinganisa elinembile ngokuvamile kuyipheya yomehluko, futhi kokubili akukwazi ukuhlanganiswa. amathuluzi, kodwa kufanele kulinganiswe icala ngalinye.

Kulesi sigaba, izinzwa eziningi zedijithali neze-analogi zisetshenziswa embonini yokukala yase-China, futhi isignali ye-pulse ewumphumela ayinkulu. Njengesibonelo, isimiso esiyisisekelo se-resistor strain force sisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza inzwa yesisindo esinomphumela omkhulu, futhi okukhiphayo ngokuvamile ku-30-40 mV. Ngakho-ke, isignali yayo yedatha isengozini kakhulu ethonyeni lefrikhwensi yomsakazo, futhi ibanga lokudlulisela lekhebula nalo lifushane kakhulu, ngokuvamile phakathi kwamamitha angu-10.

Khetha isofthiwe yesistimu yesisindo somkhumbi enezinzwa eziningi (isikali sesisila), isofthiwe yenkundla yesevisi yokukala isisindo noma ibhuloho lesikali sebhalansi (isikali samaloli kagesi noma isikali sikaloliwe), isofthiwe yesistimu yedatha ingaqedela“inani elizishoyo”. Ngenxa yesofthiwe yesistimu yezinzwa zedijithali enamashaneli amaningi, ayikho inkinga yokumelana okufanayo. Umsebenzisi angafaka ikheli elinemininingwane yenzwa efanele, isisindo net nokuzwela kwesilinganiso, futhi isikali singenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo.“amakhona amane”noma“umphetho”Ibhalansi yezinhlamvu zesiNgisi ayidingi ukulungiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Lapho izinzwa eziningana zixhunywe kusofthiwe yesistimu yokulingisa, izici zenzwa ngayinye azikwazi ukukhonjwa kahle kakhulu, futhi inzwa ngayinye kufanele ilinganiswe futhi inzwa ngayinye kufanele ilinganiswe kusetshenziswa isihlukanisi se-voltage ku-terminal block. Idivayisi ilinganiselwe. Njengoba kukhona ukuhlolwa kwe-t okubhanqiwe kuyo yonke inqubo yokulungiswa, kuphindaphindiwe izikhathi eziningana. Ngesofthiwe yesistimu yedatha, vumela ukuqinisekiswa okuzimele kwayo ngayinye njengenzwa eyodwa.

Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esichithwe kulinganisa isofthiwe yesistimu yezinzwa ezihlakaniphile yi-1/4 kuphela yokulingisa isistimu. Isofthiwe yesistimu ingakwazi“ozixilongile”, okungukuthi, inqubo yokuxilonga ingahlola ngokuqhubekayo ukuthi isignali yedatha yenzwa ngayinye inqanyuliwe, ukuthi okukhiphayo kudlule kakhulu, njll. Uma kwenzeka iphutha elivamile, ulwazi noma ama-alamu azoboniswa ngokuzenzakalelayo kuphaneli yensimbi noma iphaneli yokusebenza. Amakhasimende angasebenzisa okhiye bokusebenza kuphaneli yokulawula ukuze aseshe inzwa ngayinye, ahlonze imbangela yephutha elivamile futhi akhiphe amaphutha avamile.

Ikhono lokuhlonza ngeso lengqondo nokusula amaphutha avamile ngokusobala liyinzuzo eyinhloko kumakhasimende, futhi ekulingiseni isofthiwe yesistimu yezinzwa ze-analog, izinzuzo ezinjalo zikufanele kakhulu ukulingiswa. Isofthiwe yesistimu yenzwa yokulingisa ejwayelekile Embonini yokukala, ukulungiswa kwesikrini kwe-analog-to-digital converter ngamabhithi angu-16, futhi kukhona izibalo ezitholakalayo ezingu-50,000; futhi ukulungiswa kwesikrini kwenzwa ngayinye kusofthiwe yesistimu yedatha ngamabhithi angu-16. Ngamabhithi angu-20, kunezibalo ezitholakalayo ezingu-1,000,000. Ngakho, isofthiwe yesistimu enezinzwa zedijithali ezi-4 ingakhiqiza izinqumo zesikrini zokubala ezingu-4,000,000.

Kuyinzuzo yamaphikseli aphezulu, ikakhulukazi esimweni lapho isisindo sohlaka lwesisindo ngokwaso sisinda futhi isisindo sincane. Isibonelo, ku-software yesistimu ye-batch enesisindo, ngezinye izikhathi ezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ziyingxenye encane yeresiphi eyimfihlo, kodwa izidingo zokunemba zisaphakeme kakhulu. Izimo ezinjalo zinzima ngokulinganayo ukufeza ekufanisweni kwesistimu yendabuko.

2.3 Isimo sokufaka isicelo ekhaya naphesheya (okutholakala ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali, embonini yensimbi, amapulasitiki, imicu yamakhemikhali, njll.) Emikhakheni eminingi, kunokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzi ekusebenziseni isikali se-multihead. Isibonelo: i-concrete seasoning. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iye yasetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana nemikhiqizo yenjoloba, imicu yamakhemikhali, nemicu yokubona.

Kokunye ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ukuqinisekiswa kokulinganisa kwesimo esingenasisindo okuqhubekayo kungaqinisekisa ukuxutshwa okufanayo kwezinto ezingenalutho, futhi ukuxuba kufanele kwenziwe buthaka, okwenza kube lula ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula. Lo mkhiqizo uphelele kakhulu phesheya. Isibonelo, i-French Schenck Enterprise, i-Buda Benla Enterprise, ne-French Pioneer Enterprise, njll., ubuchwepheshe babo buzohola umhlaba ngamazwe ngamazwe. Phakathi kwabo, amaqhawe asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa zedijithali, futhi ukunemba okuguquguqukayo kufinyelela ku-0.25%.

Ukunemba kwesikali sebhalansi yedatha emile kufinyelelwe kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwezimboni. Sebenzisa kuma-mixer e-rotary nasezingozini zesikhathi esizayo. Emsebenzini wokuqinisekisa ukulinganisa wemishini eqhubekayo yokuhlanganisa ezweni lami, isahlala endleleni yokuqinisekisa yokulinganisa evamile. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa nokukhuthazwa kwe-multihead weigher kubaluleke kakhulu ekucubunguleni ubuchwepheshe bokuxuba umhlabathi ozinzile usimende, ukuxuba okuqhubekayo kokukhonkolo, kanye nokuxuba okuqhubekayo kwe-asphalt. Futhi inokubaluleka okukhulu okusebenzayo kokukhohlisa okunembayo kokugeleza okuphelele.

Ngenxa yesakhiwo esilula senqubo yokunyakazisa i-rotary kanye nezindleko zokunakekela eziphansi, uma isilinganiso sokuxuba umkhiqizo sesithuthukisiwe, isabelo semakethe esiphansi samanje sokushukumisa i-rotary sizoshintshwa. Ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wobunjiniyela bemigwaqo kanye namanzi, lapho kubekwe khona imithetho ephakeme emishinini ekhulisa ukukhiqizwa, isikali se-multihead siyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokwandisa ukunemba kokuqinisekiswa kwe-metrological.

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