Inqubo eyisisekelo yokukhiqiza nokupakisha itiye eliluhlaza

Itiye eliluhlaza lingenye yezinhlobo zetiye ezihlukile ezweni lethu. Liyitiye elingabilisiwe. Liwumkhiqizo owenziwe ngamahlumela esihlahla setiye njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, angabilisiwe, futhi acutshungulwa ngezinqubo ezijwayelekile ezifana nokwelapha, ukugoqa, nokomisa. Ikhwalithi yetiye eliluhlaza ibonakala 'ngohlaza oluthathu' (oluluhlaza ngokubukeka, oluhlaza kusobho, noluhlaza phansi kwamaqabunga), iphunga eliphakeme kanye nokunambitheka okusha. Amaqabunga aluhlaza kusobho olucacile yizici ezivamile zetiye eliluhlaza. Inqubo yokukhiqiza nokupakisha itiye eliluhlaza ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukukha, ukubuna, ukuqeda, ukugoqa, ukomisa, ukucwenga kanye nokupakisha. Ukukha Ukukha kubhekisela enkambisweni yokukha itiye. Kunezindinganiso eziqinile zokukha imifino yetiye. Ukuvuthwa kanye nokulinganayo kwamahlumela namaqabunga, kanye nesikhathi sokukha, konke kuyizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinquma ikhwalithi yetiye. Ukubuna Amaqabunga amasha ayakhiwa futhi asakazwe esitsheni esihlanzekile. Ubukhulu kufanele bube ngu-7-10 cm. Isikhathi sokusabalala singamahora angu-6-12, futhi amaqabunga kufanele aguqulwe ngokufanele phakathi. Uma okuqukethwe komswakama kwamaqabunga amasha kufinyelela ku-68% kuya ku-70%, lapho ikhwalithi yamaqabunga iba thambile futhi ishiya iphunga elisha, ingangena esigabeni sokususa uhlaza. Okuqukethwe kwamanzi kumele kulawulwe kahle: okuqukethwe kwamanzi okuphansi kakhulu kuzobangela ukulahlekelwa amanzi, futhi amaqabunga azokoma futhi afe, okuzokwenza ukunambitheka kwetiye eliqediwe kube mncane; okuqukethwe kwamanzi okuphezulu kakhulu kanye nokungaxutshwa kuzobangela ukuqongelela kwamanzi emaqabunga amasha, okuzokwenza itiye linambitheke kabuhlungu. Ukuqeda Ukuqeda kuyinqubo ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwetiye eliluhlaza. Kuthathwa izinyathelo zokushisa okuphezulu ukuze kususwe umswakama wamaqabunga, kuvinjelwe umsebenzi we-enzyme, kuvinjelwe ukusabela kwe-enzyme, futhi kubangele izinguquko ezithile zamakhemikhali kokuqukethwe kwamaqabunga amasha, ngaleyo ndlela kwakhiwe izici zekhwalithi yetiye eliluhlaza futhi kugcinwe umbala nokunambitheka kwetiye. Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu ngesikhathi senqubo yokwelapha futhi izinga lokushisa lamaqabunga likhuphuka isikhathi eside kakhulu, ama-polyphenols etiye azobhekana nokusabela kwe-enzyme ukukhiqiza 'iziqu ezibomvu namaqabunga abomvu'. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, i-chlorophyll izobhujiswa kakhulu, okuzoholela ekuphuzeni kombala wamaqabunga, futhi amanye aze akhiqize imiphetho namabala aqondile, okuzonciphisa ikhwalithi yetiye eliluhlaza. Ngakho-ke, kumaqabunga amasha ezinhlobo ezahlukene nezinkathi ezahlukene, kunezidingo ezahlukene zesikhathi sokupholisa kanye nezinga lokushisa. Kuyadingeka ukuqonda isimiso 'sokupholisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, inhlanganisela yokuphonsa okuyisicefe, ukuminyana okuncane kanye nokuphonsa okuningi, amaqabunga amadala athambile kanti amaqabunga amancane amadala'. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, amaqabunga athambile futhi anamathela kancane, iziqu zihlala ziphukile, futhi izandla zicindezelwa zibe yibhola, zinwebeka kancane, uhlaza luyanyamalala, futhi iphunga letiye liyachichima. Lapho izidingo zokuvuthwa, ukuphelela kanye nokufana kufinyelelwa, lizophuma ebhodweni ngokushesha. Livumele liphole ngokushesha ngemva kokuba liphumile ebhodweni. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ifeni ukuze ulipholise ukuze uchithe amanzi ngokushesha, unciphise izinga lokushisa lamaqabunga, futhi uvimbele umbala wamaqabunga ukuthi ungabi phuzi futhi ukhiqize iphunga eliqinile. Ukuxova Ngemva kokuqeda, xova amaqabunga etiye njengama-noodle okuxova. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokugoqa ukubhubhisa kahle izicubu zamaqabunga (izinga lomonakalo wamaseli amaqabunga agoqayo ngokuvamile lingu-45-55%, ijusi letiye linamathela ebusweni bamaqabunga, futhi isandla sizizwa sithambile futhi sinamathela), hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi ijusi letiye kulula ukulipheka, kodwa futhi liyamelana nokupheka; nciphisa ivolumu ukuze ubeke isisekelo esihle sesimo esomile; bumba izici ezihlukile. Ukugoqa ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswa ngokuxova okushisayo nokuxova okubandayo. Okubizwa ngokuthi ukuxova okushisayo ukuxova amaqabunga aqandisiwe ngaphandle kokuwabeka ngesikhathi eshisa; okubizwa ngokuthi ukuxova okubandayo ukuxova amaqabunga aqandisiwe ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ngemva kokuba esephumile ebhodweni, ukuze izinga lokushisa lamaqabunga lehle liye ezingeni elithile. Amaqabunga amadala anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cellulose futhi akulula ukuwakha abe yimichilo ngesikhathi sokugoqa, futhi kulula ukuwasebenzisa ukuxova okushisayo; amaqabunga athambile aphezulu kulula ukuwakha abe yimichilo lapho egoqa. Ukuze kugcinwe umbala omuhle nephunga elimnandi, kusetshenziswa ukuxova okubandayo. Ngokusho kwamandla okuxova, kungahlukaniswa ngokuthi: ukuxova okulula, itiye elenziwe ngokuxova okukhanyayo liba yisimo somugqa; Ukugoqa okuphakathi nendawo, itiye elenziwe ngokugoqa okuphakathi liba yi-hemisphere; ukugoqa okunzima, itiye elenziwe ngokugoqa okunzima liba yisimo somhlaba wonke. Ukomisa Inqubo yokomisa yetiye eliluhlaza ngokuvamile yomiswa kuqala ukuze kuncishiswe okuqukethwe kwamanzi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuthosa epanini, bese kuthoswa. Izinhloso eziyinhloko zenqubo yokomisa yilezi ezilandelayo: 1. Yenza amaqabunga aqhubeke nokushintsha okuqukethwe ngokusekelwe ekuqineni, futhi kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yangaphakathi; 2. Hlela izintambo ngokusekelwe ekujikeni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubukeka; 3. Khipha umswakama owedlulele ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubola, okulula ukukugcina. Okokugcina, itiye elomisiwe kumele lihlangabezane nezimo zokugcina eziphephile, okungukuthi, okuqukethwe komswakama kuyadingeka kube ngu-5-6%, futhi amaqabunga angachotshozwa ngesandla. Ukupakisha Umshini wokupakisha itiye eliluhlaza we-elekthronikhi wenzelwe imishini yokupakisha evuselela kabili, okwenza ukupakisha kube kuhle kakhulu futhi isikhathi sokugcina itiye sibe side, ukuze ukuqwashisa komkhiqizo wamabhizinisi etiye kube phezulu, futhi itiye eliluhlaza likhuthazwe ukungena emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.